A partir dos estudos iniciais sobre as competências de Inteligência Artificial (IA), na década de 1950, Alan Turing, em seu artigo Computing Machinery and intelligence, inseriu a premissa “Máquinas são capazes de pensar?”. Nesse sentido, percebe-se que os chatbots estão diretamente relacionados a essa ideia, haja vista que eles são capazes de conversar e de aprender, via deep learning, para se adaptar em diversos cenários de conversação. A pergunta de pesquisa deste artigo é: as avaliações das IAs finalistas que disputam o prêmio Loebner são coerentes com as ideias propostas por Turing? Sendo assim, o objetivo deste artigo é: analisar as soluções de IA apresentadas no prêmio Loebner (correlacionando com o teste de Turing) e atribuir uma pontuação própria para elas. Ao final, vê-se, após a aplicação do teste aos finalistas do prêmio de Loebner, a discrepância de pontuações entre a campeã Mitsuku e as demais IAs. Além disso, constatou-se, que apesar da sua pontuação elevada, o problema da mimetização ainda é diretamente implicado nas IAs que realizam o teste justamente com o objetivo de ganhar a prova, interferindo, dessa forma, nas reais capacidades da IA testada.
In this paper we used the Fredholm method in Schrödinger's integral equation in the investigation of the scattering effect near the center of it between a stationary quantum wave function and an electrostatic potential. Two potentials are studied one Coulombian and the other Podolsky. The result shows the importance of the proposal of Podolsky to regularize the effect near the scattering center in the quantum wave function. Being that the coulombian potential presents with strong variation in the amplitude of the wave after the scattering. In the case of Podolsky's potential, this is corrected by adopting a constant that removes this strong variation.
In low energy scattering in Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, the Schödinger equation in integral form is used. In quantum scattering theory the wave self-function is divided into two parts, one for the free wave associated with the particle incident to a scattering center, and the emerging wave that comes out after the particle collides with the scattering center. Assuming that the scattering center contains a position-dependent potential, the usual solution of the integral equation for the scattered wave is obtained via the Born approximation. Assuming that the scattering center contains a position-dependent potential, the usual solution of the integral equation for the scattered wave is obtained via the Born approximation. The methods used here are arbitrary kernels and the Neumann-Born series. The result, with the help of computational codes, shows that both techniques are good compared to the traditional method. The advantage is that they are finite solutions, which does not require Podolsky-type regularization.
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