The international trade in night monkeys (Aotus spp.), found throughout Central and South America, has been regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) since 1975. We present a quantitative analysis of this trade from all 9 range countries, over 4 decades, and compare domestic legislation to CITES regulations. Night monkeys were exported from 8 of the 9 habitat countries, totalling 5,968 live individuals and 7,098 specimens, with trade of live individuals declining over time. In terms of species, the most commonly traded was Aotus nancymaae (present in Brazil, Colombia, Peru) followed by A. vociferans (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) and A. zonalis (Colombia, Panama). There was no significant correlation between levels of trade and species' geographic range size or the number of countries in which a species occurs. Five countries have legislation that meets CITES requirements for implementation, whereas the other 4 countries' legislation showed deficiencies. Research conducted in Colombia, Peru, and Brazil suggests significant cross-border trade not captured in official international trade registers. Although international trade has diminished, current trends suggest that populations of rarer species may be under unsustainable pressure. Further research is needed to quantify real trade numbers occurring between habitat countries.

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This study reports the occurrence of Canis latrans on eastern Panama, including the first report of it presence across the Panama Canal, which expands the known distribution for this species to its southernmost point. The presence of Canis latrans on this region suggests that it is expanding its range Southwards by using deforested areas and areas of cattle ranching alongside the Panamerican Highway. This highway crosses the isthmus up to the Darien Province.

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Los estudios de diversidad ecológica son esenciales para promover planes de educación científica-ambiental y conservación. Estudios previos de biodiversidad se han realizado en tierras altas para la provincia de Chiriquí, pero pocos para tierras bajas. El objetivo fue evaluar la diversidad ecológica de aves en la comunidad de Rincón Largo, un paisaje fragmentado con actividad antropogénica ubicado en tierras bajas de la provincia. Se considero el uso de suelo para categorizar tres áreas de observación: A1 (calles principales y aledañas), A2 (cercas vivas, pastizales y bosques de galería), A3 (laguna artificial). Utilizamos métodos de observación Ad-libitum, transecto de franja y poste de observación. Las observaciones las realizamos de enero a diciembre de 2018, con esfuerzo de muestreo total de 1,920 hrs. Detectamos 469 individuos en 91 especies, 33 familias, 15 órdenes. Los índices de Diversidad alpha muestran que existe alta diversidad, abundancia y riqueza, con equitatividad en las familias. Las tres áreas de observación no presentan diferencia significativa en la diversidad alpha, H = 5.6, P = 0.06, aunque marginal. Estos resultados describen por primera vez la avifauna de Rincón Largo y muestran la capacidad de retención de biodiversidad original en zonas fragmentadas con base en corredores biológicos como cercas vivas, bosques de galería y árboles frutales, crucial en conservación.