Schizophrenia is a chronic neurobiological disorder whose early detection has attracted significant attention from the clinical, psychiatric, and also artificial intelligence communities. This latter approach has been mainly focused on the analysis of neuroimaging and genetic data. A less explored strategy consists in exploiting the power of natural language processing (NLP) algorithms applied over narrative texts produced by schizophrenic subjects. In this paper, a novel dataset collected from a proper field study is presented. Also, grammatical traits discovered in narrative documents are used to build computational representations of texts, allowing an automatic classification of discourses generated by schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic subjects. The attained results showed that the use of the proposed computational representations along with machine learning techniques enables a novel and precise strategy to automatically detect texts produced by schizophrenic subjects. INDEX TERMS Applied machine learning, natural language processing, schizophrenia.
Durante la escolaridad, el lenguaje oral se incrementa tanto cuantitativa como cualitativamente. Entre los cambios cualitativos se encuentra el desarrollo de la conciencia metapragmática que es la capacidad para discriminar y relacionar los estímulos lingüísticos y no lingüísticos. Aunque existen diversas hipótesis para explicar este desarrollo, no hay pruebas empíricas que muestren estos cambios ni señalen las edades fundamentales en las que aparecen. Para la presente investigación, se aplicó un instrumento a 160 estudiantes de 6, 8, 10 y 12 años. Los resultados sugieren que a medida que aumenta la edad, aumentan las respuestas metapragmáticas (conscientes) y disminuyen las epipragmáticas (automáticas). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los distintos grupos de edad y se observó que las respuestas dependen del tipo de ejercicio por resolver. Por último, se corroboró que lo metapragmático no es sistemático, su eficacia varía según la forma en que se relacionan el mensaje lingüístico y el contexto.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive pathology that implies a degeneration of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system with dysfunction of frontal projections, which generates alterations in executive functions, specifically in sustained attention, working memory, planning and cognitive flexibility, among others. In fact, this pathology has reper
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