Background: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is gaining an increasing role in the neurosurgical treatment of intractable intracranial hypertension, but not without complications. A rare complication is the “syndrome of the trephined” (ST). It occurs when the forces of gravity overwhelm intracranial pressures, leading the brain to become sunken. Methods: We followed-up 5 patients submitted to DC and diagnosed with ST. All were submitted to brain MRI to calculate the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). Our goal was to determine the usefulness of asymmetric ONSD as an outcome factor after cranioplasty. Results: Only two patients presented an asymmetric ONSD, being ONSD larger at the site of craniectomy. Surprisingly these patients had a marked neurological improvement after cranioplasty. They became independent a week after and statistically earlier than others. Conclusion: It is presumed that the presence of an asymmetric ONSD in trephined patients is an independent factor of good outcome after cranioplasty.
1 -Neurosurgeon from Sírio Libanês Hospital -São Paulo / SP / Brazil. 2 -Head and Neck Surgeon from Sírio Libanês Hospital -São Paulo / SP / Brazil. 3 -Neurologist from Sírio Libanês Hospital -São Paulo / SP / Brazil. 4 -Radiologist from Sírio Libanês Hospital -São Paulo / SP / Brazil. 5 -Neuropathologist from Sírio Libanês Hospital -São Paulo / SP / Brazil. RESUMO Introdução: A maioria dos Hemangiopericitomas (HPC) ocorre na pele ou no sistema musculoesquelético, enquanto que a topografia do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) é mais rara. Objetivo e Métodos: Nós descrevemos um paciente portador de um HPC espinhal volumoso, com compressão medular exuberante, se estendendo de C6 a T3, o qual foi levado para cirurgia. Resultados: O paciente foi submetido à cirurgia, via posterior, identificando um tumor sólido de consistência firme, vermelho-acastanhado, muito vascularizado, o qual foi delicadamente dissecado e ressecado totalmente em bloco. Exames histopatológico e imunohistoquímico revelaram HPC. Conclusão: HPCs espinhais são tumores raros, que ocorrem de maneira isolada, aderidos à dura-máter, mas que favorecem a ressecção completa, tendo em vista apresentarem bom plano de clivagem com tecidos circunjacentes. Palavras-chave: Neoplasia do SNC, tumor espinhal, hemangiopericitoma.ABSTRACT Introduction: Most hemangiopericytomas (HPC) are located in the musculoskeletal system and the skin, while the location in the central nervous system (CNS) is rare. Objective and Methods: We describe a patient suffering from a spinal extradural huge HPC, with marked spinal cord compression, extending from C6 to T3 level, who was elected to surgery. Results: Patient was submitted to surgery, via a posterior approach, indentifying a huge red-brown firm mass, highly vascular, that was softly dissected from surrounding tissues. Total gross removal was accomplished, with "in-block" resection, preserving neurological function, as shown by somatosensitive evoked potential. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry essay were performed confirming the diagnosis of Hemangiopericytoma. Conclusion: Spinal HPCs respond to approximately 8% of all HPC, tend to occur isolated and attached to spinal duramater, and usually present a good surgical cleavage between the tumor and the dura.
Schistosomiasis is a cutaneously acquired infection caused by trematodes (fla¬tworms from the phylum Platyhelminthes), due to swimming in contaminated waters. The central nervous system (CNS) schistosomiasis is a rare presen¬tation of the disease. Brain infection due to S. Mansoni has been rarely reported, in anedoctal fashion. It should be early recognized , since an available treatment may prevent neurological deterioration. A high index of sus¬picion is necessary, mainly in patients coming from endemic areas, with brain or spinal cord lesions associated with eosino¬philia and inflammatory CSF. The finding schistosoma eggs in stools or in a CNS biopsy confirms the diagnosis. We re¬port on a 35-year old brazilian man harboring an isolated brain infection due to S. mansoni.
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