This study examines the relationship beween employment and psychosocial working conditions and well-being of native and migrant workers in the working population of Spain. Data from the 7th Spanish Survey of Working Conditions was used to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis (n = 8508) to identify the main latent variables that influenced well-being. Using structural equation modeling and multivariate analysis, we found different patterns and perceptions of well-being and working conditions in these two groups. We discuss the reasons for these differences and suggest directions for further research in this area.
This work is an in vitro study of the efficiency of catalytic antisense RNAs whose catalytic domain is the wild-type sequence of the hairpin ribozyme, derived from the minus strand of the tobacco ringspot virus satellite RNA. The sequence in the target RNA recognized by the antisense molecule was the stem-loop structure of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) TAR region. This region was able to form a complex with its antisense RNA with a binding rate of 2 x 10(4) M(-1)s(-1). Any deletion of the antisense RNA comprising nucleotides of the stem-loop resulted in a decrease in binding rate. Sequences 3' of the stem in the sense RNA also contributed to binding. This stem-loop TAR-antisense segment, covalently linked to a hairpin ribozyme, enhanced its catalytic activity. The highest cleavage rate was obtained when the stem-loop structure was present in both ribozyme and substrate RNAs and they were complementary. Similarly, an extension at the 5'-end of the hairpin ribozyme increased the cleavage rate when its complementary sequence was present in the substrate. Inclusion of the stem-loop at the 3'-end and the extension at the 5'-end of the hairpin ribozyme abolished the positive effect of both antisense units independently. These results may help in the design of hairpin ribozymes for gene silencing.
A portable device based on a colorimetric sensor to determine the atmospheric level of CO 2 gas is presented in this work. The system is based on a low-cost, low-power System on a Chip (SoC) microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi. A user-friendly application was developed to monitor and log the CO 2 measurements when the system is connected to a Wi-Fi network. The sensing membrane is directly deposited on the surface of the colour detector, thus reducing the complexity of the system. This sensing membrane is formed by a pH indicator α-naphtholphthalein, tetramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, Tween 20 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the hydrophilic polymer. The system has been fully characterized, obtaining response and recovery times of 1.3 and 2.5 s, respectively, a limit of detection of 51 ppm, and an average resolution of 6.3 ppm. This portable device was applied for the in-situ determination of CO 2 gas in the atmosphere inside classrooms in several secondary schools. The measurements were taken during complete workdays and the results were statistically compared with the same measurements taken using a commercially available non-dispersive infra-red (NDIR) device. No significant statistical differences were found between the results obtained using both devices. A complete statistical treatment of the measurements made with the proposed portable device was carried out. The obtained results show that the *Revised Manuscript (clean copy) Click here to view linked References 2 concentration of CO gas in some schools was higher than the desired concentration, with regard to influencing the student's health, safety, productivity and comfort. This demonstrates the need to control this parameter to ensure appropriate indoor environmental quality (IEQ).
The results obtained in our surgical unit in terms of morbidity, mortality and five-year actuarial survival rates are comparable to those of other units at large institutions, which are currently considered the standards of quality.
The cultivation of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has great importance in the entire Mediterranean basin, so that the implementation of organic practices in their management directly affects the sustainability of the agricultural system. Bioindication with arthropods can help to detect the different agricultural practices. In this work, we analyse the most appropriate methodology for discriminating between management using arthropods at the taxonomic level of order, with the novelty of taking into account the weather conditions to select the sampling dates. Between 12 and 15 sampling stations (depending on the year) were selected from olive orchards belonging to organic, conventional non-tillage, and strict conventional management, being sampled by beating the canopy fortnightly in the spring-summer period of 2007, 2008 and 2009. Organic management was more abundant and richer than the rest for the three years. Most groups with significant differences in terms of relative abundance were more abundant in organic orchard, except Neuroptera. Finally, different discriminant methods were evaluated (Linear Discriminant Analysis, Multiple Discriminant Analysis, and Support Vector Machine) with several different data sets. The discriminant analysis with interannual variability reached 97.9% accuracy in differentiating between organic and non-organic management using the LDA method, considering the taxa with significant differences from the abundance, excluding pests, and using samples with more uniform and stable weather patterns (late summer).Additional key words: bioindication; conventional; discriminant analysis; meteorological conditions; non-tillage; organic. Abbreviations used: CON (conventional production); FR% (percentage of individuals recorded); K-W (Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test); LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis); m (slope of the line); MDA (Multiple Discriminant Analysis); Me (median); n (number of sample units used); n (m=0.1) (number of samples required for a slope of 0.1); N (absolute abundance of arthropods); NonORG (non-organic production); NS (not significant); NT (conventional non-tillage production); ORG (organic production); Q1 (first quartile); Q3 (third quartile); SD (standard deviation); S obs (observed number of orders); SVM (Support Vector Machine); TNO (total number of orders); X̅ ORG , X̅ NT or X̅ CON (mean abundance per station of each management type).Citation: Jerez-Valle, C.; García-López, P. A.; Pascual, F. (2015). Methodological considerations in discriminating olive-orchard management type using olive-canopy arthropod fauna at the level of order. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, Volume 13, Issue 4, e0304, 14 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2015134-6588.This work has one supplementary figure and two supplementary tables published online alongside the electronic version of the article.
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