The cases of 23 men with mechanical urethritis due to insertion of foreign bodies into the urethra are presented. Seven patients had upper urinary tract infections and one died with gangrene of the genitalia and septicaemia.
The anti-apoptotic protein survivin was detected in a panel of 27 dysplastic nevi. From each representative paraffin block 4 mm sections were cut and stained with anti-survivin antibody (DAKO, Clone 12C4). In each section, the labeling intensity, the subcellular location of survivin antigen, the percentage of labeled cells and the degree of dysplasia were assessed. Survivin was present in 23 out of 27 cases (85.2%), but absent in 4/27 cases (14.8%). Positive staining was confined to the cytoplasm (C) of nevus cells only in 18 cases (66.7%), while cytoplasmic as well as nuclear positivity (NC) was found in 5 cases (18.5%). In no case solely nuclear staining could be seen. Furthermore, in 4 out of 5 cases (80%) with NC staining, severe dysplasia was found. Our data point at usefulness of survivin staining, otherwise rarely performed in dysplastic nevi. We confirm the importance of nuclear location of the survivin antigen, which may be helpful for assessing the possible progression to melanoma.
The present experiment aims to evaluate tumor suppressive effects of a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) celecoxib (Celebrex, Pfizer) administered alone and in combination with melatonin in the prevention of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley female rats. Celecoxib was administered daily at a concentration of 1.666 g/kg diet to two groups during 20 weeks (starting a week before first NMU application). A combination of celecoxib and melatonin applied in drinking water (20 microg/ml drinking water), daily from 15:00 to 08:00 hours was administered to the second group. The anticarcinogenic effects of chemopreventive drugs were compared with control (NMU) animals. Celecoxib administration decreased mammary tumor incidence (by 24%), while combination of celecoxib and melatonin decreased tumor incidence even more significantly (-30%). Significant decrease in tumor frequency per group was recorded in both groups with chemoprevention: celecoxib alone (-54%) and combination of celecoxib and melatonin (-64%). Celecoxib significantly influenced tumor frequency per animal in the group with combination of both protective substances (-52%). Celecoxib administration resulted in prolonged latency by 3%, and by 13% in the group with combination of both protective substances. These results confirm preventive effects of celecoxib in induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. The administration of isolated MEL had only lesser effect, but in the combination with CELE revealed some potentiating influence in mammary carcinogenesis inhibition. The present study is the first to prove efficacy of the above-mentioned celecoxib and melatonin intake. Our results point to the need for a deeper analysis of coxib efficacy in human carcinogenesis.
Peroral antidiabetics from thiazolidinedione (glitazone) group showed oncostatic effects in preclinical models. This study evaluated chemopreventive effects of rosiglitazone in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea was administered in two intraperitoneal doses each per 50 mg/kg b.w. between 40 th and 51 st postnatal days. Rosiglitazone was administered in a diet at a concentration of 10 ppm and 100 ppm, respectively, 9 days before the first carcinogen dose until the termination of the experiment. During the experiment the animals were weekly weighed and palpated for the presence of mammary tumors and estimation of latency period, tumor frequency per group and animal, and tumor volume were recorded. The experiment was terminated 16 weeks after the first carcinogen dose, basic tumor growth parameters and selected metabolic and hormonal variables were evaluated. Chemoprevention with higher rosiglitazone dose decreased tumor frequency per group by 44%, other tumor parameters (incidence, tumor frequency per animal) were decreased insignificantly (at both doses), latency period was not changed. Rosiglitazone administration decreased cumulative tumor volume, more efficiently at lower dose. Glycaemia and insulinaemia decreased after lower rosigitazone dose administration but glycaemia did not exceed normal values. Higher rosiglitazone dose alleviated some metabolic alterations resulting from cancer progression more effectively but induced a prominent cardiac hypertrophy.
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