The Kamthi(Hingir) Formation has so far been considered as the uppermost lithostratigraphic unit of the Lower Gondwana Group of India. An Upper Permian age has been assigned to this formation as no typical Triassic fossil was earlier known from it. The present discovery of a rich Dicroidium flora in the Kamthi(Hingir) Formation of the Ib-Hingir basin points to a younger age. The flora is comparable with that of the Dicroidium odontopteroides OpPEL-zone which has been dated in Australia as Middle Triassic (Late Anisian to Ladinian). Kurzfassun g. Die Kamthi(Hingir)-Formation ist bisher als die oberste litho stratigraphische Einheit der Unter-Gondwana-Gruppe Indiens betrachtet worden. Dieser Formation wurde ein Oberperm-Alter zu gewiesen, weil friiher kein typisches Triasfossil aus dieser bekannt war. Die Entdeckung einer reichen Dicroidium-Flora in der Kamthi(Hingir)-Formation des Ib-Hingir-Beckens zeigt ein jiingeres Alter. Die Flora ist mit der Dicroidium odontopteroides OpPEL-Zone vergleichbar, die in Australien als Mittlere Trias (Ober-Anis-Ladin) datiert wird.
Objectives: To evaluate the acceptance of midazolam spray through buccal route as compared to intranasal route and compare the efficacy of the drug through both the routes. Study Design: 30 patients aged 2-8 years with Grade I or II Frankl's Behaviour Rating Scale were selected who required similar treatment under local anesthesia on two teeth. Midazolam spray was administered randomly through buccal or intranasal routes for the two appointments. Scoring was done for the acceptance of drug and Houpt's score was recorded for the behaviour of patients during the treatment. Results: Acceptance of drug through buccal route was significantly better than the intranasal route (p<0.05) but no statistically significant difference was found in the behaviour scores for the two routes of administration (p≯0.05). Conclusion: Midazolam spray can be effectively used through the buccal mucosa in children who give poor compliance with the intranasal administration.
Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare autosomal disorder which manifests as partial or complete absence of clavicles, multiple supernumerary teeth, and delayed closure of fontanelle. Classical cases of cleidocranial dysplasia are easily diagnosed very early in the life. However, cases with partial manifestation of the syndrome and noncontributory family history are difficult to diagnose. Here, we report a case of 8.5-year-old girl child who presented with delayed tooth development (without any supernumerary teeth), anterior open fontanelle, and normal clavicles, thus resulting in a diagnostic dilemma.
Pulp stones are foci of calcification or discrete calcifications in the dental pulp. They are frequently found on bitewing and periapical radiographs, but their occurrence in entire dentition is unusual. We are reporting four cases in which the occurrence of pulp stones ranged from their presence in just primary teeth (Cases 1 and 2) to involvement of young permanent teeth also (Case 3) and even unerupted permanent teeth (Case 4). In all the cases, dental, medical, and family histories as well as the findings from the clinical examination of the patient were not contributory. Histopathological report revealed true denticle. Metabolic evaluation of patients through liver function test, kidney function test, and blood investigation did not show any metabolic disorders. Patients were also evaluated for any systemic, syndromic, or genetic involvement, but this was also noncontributing. Therefore, it is suggested that these unusual cases may be of idiopathic origin.
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