A poorly designed culvert inlet structure causes scouring, which can lead to the collapse of the culvert and significant damage to the neighboring land. A set of laboratory tests was evaluated to examine velocity distribution at the culvert inlet. A three-dimensional acoustic Doppler velocimeter was used to measure instantaneous flow velocity upstream of the culvert. The analysis of mean velocities, turbulence strength, and Reynolds stresses was performed to understand the flow structure near the culvert entrance.
The study was preceded to check the impact of the adopted digital elevation model resolution on the determination of catchment parameters and the further influence of the received information on calculations related to the hydrograph at the closing point of the basin after a synthetic 100-year precipitation episode. The study area are river basins located in the Puck commune convoying water directly to the Puck Bay. These studies allowed the formulation of the basic assumptions for the research project (in short called WaterPuck) supported by the National Centre for Research and Development.
Coastal basins are particularly exposed to the adverse impact of anthropogenic stress. In many places, despite only the seasonal increase in the number of residents, progressive urbanization and associated changes in the catchment characteristics are noticeable. Puck Bay is part of the Gulf of Gdansk and belongs to the Baltic Sea. Although the area of Puck Bay is covered by the Natura 2000 Network, this has not saved it from eutrophication problems. As part of the work on a complex coastal basin analysis (WaterPUCK project), the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to determine the agricultural impact on water quality in rivers with a flow into Puck Bay: Reda, Gizdepka, Płutnica, and Błądzikowski Stream. The results include the loads of nutrients and pesticides that flow out from the agricultural areas of Puck community into Puck Bay. In this article, special attention has been paid to the impact of precipitation on the quality of water at the outflow of rivers into the Bay of Puck, because it is a decisive element in the amount of nutrients leached along with surface runoff to watercourses and then into the Gulf. The distribution of precipitation thus affects the amount of nutrients absorbed by plants. Modeling the effects of agricultural practices, taking into account long-term meteorological forecasts, is helpful in attempts to reduce the amount of pollutants entering the Baltic Sea.
Commercial unmanned aerial vehicles continue to gain popularity and their use for collecting image data and recording new phenomena is becoming more frequent. This study presents an effective method for measuring the concentration of fluorescent dyes (fluorescein and Rhodamine WT) for the purpose of providing a mathematical dispersion model. Image data obtained using a typical visible-light camera was used to measure the concentration of the dye floating on water. The reference measurement was taken using a laboratory fluorometer. The article presents the details of three extensive measurement sessions and presents elements of a newly developed method for measuring fluorescent tracer concentrations. The said method provides tracer concentration maps presented on the example of an orthophoto within a 2 × 2 m discrete grid.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.