, new line EKO 1 is established in Belgrade, where are five E-buses in operation. What are the experiences in exploitation in terms of realized transport, maintenance, electric consumption, environmental benefits as well as the satisfaction of passengers, who use the line EKO 1, are the subjects of this paper. In paper will also present future plans for further expansion of the network line in Belgrade, where the electric buses will operate.
Ovaj rad prikazuje način i učestalost korištenja parkovske baštine na primjeru Malog parka u Sarajevu. Cilj istraživanja je utvrđivanje stavova posjetilaca Malog parka o načinu i učestalosti korištenja parkovske baštine, kao i mogućnost vraćanja pojedinih historijskih elemenata. Istraživanje je provedeno putem anketnog upitnika, kvantitativnog tipa, augusta 2021. godine. Ukupan broj ispitanika je 55, od čega je 58,2% ženskog i 41,8% muškog spola. Kao najbolje ocijenjeni sadržaj (ocjena vrlo dobar) većina ispitanika navodi dostupnost (40,0%), a najlošiji (ocjena vrlo loš) kulturne sadržaje (21,8%). Većina ispitanika ima pozitivan stav prema vraćanju izvornog izgleda pojedinih dijelova parka (65,4%), kao i prema vraćanju historijskih elemenata (80,0%). Park je potrebno zakonski zaštititi kao parkovsku baštinu odnosno kulturno-historijsko nasijeđe sa nepromijenjenim granicama. Potrebno ga je obnoviti i izdvojiti veća finansijska sredstva za održavanje i zaštitu. Rezultati ovih istraživanja proširit će postojeće saznanja o zadovoljstvu posjetilaca Malog parka u Sarajevu i doprinijeti da stručnjaci riješe probleme u pronalaženju mogućnosti primjene metoda obnove i vraćanja izvornog izgleda ovog historijskog parka.
One of the most important features of an electric bus (E-bus) is the ability to recover electricity generated during the braking and deceleration phase of the vehicle's movement. The specificity of the bus operation in urban transport is reflected in the dynamic mode of vehicle's operation, especially in terms of frequency and intensity of acceleration and braking. Recovered electricity during the braking and deceleration phase of E-bus drive is determined by the performance of the drive electric motor, the strategy choice (algorithm) for regenerative braking control, driving cycle, terrain configuration, the ability of the supercapacitor to receive as much electricity as possible and the driving style of the driver. The researches of the electricity recovered on the EKO 1 line was performed in 2018 and 2019. The time of year has been chosen when heating and air-conditioning systems were not used or minimally used only in certain periods of the day, in order to more realistically look at the effect of the achieved recovery and the impact on the energy efficiency of the E-bus. The measured values of the supercapacitor voltage, the discharge and recuperation current of the supercapacitor and the SOC (State of Charge) values were taken from the SD memory card BMS (Battery Management System) of the control unit that performs data acquisition from the V-CAN of the E-bus. The value of the recovered electricity, under the assumption that the regenerative braking system is used correctly, is mostly affected by the terrain configuration, i.e. the presence of inclined sections.
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