Single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) emit heat when they absorb energy from near-infrared (NIR) light. Tissue is relatively transparent to NIR, which suggests that targeting CNTs to tumor cells, followed by noninvasive exposure to NIR light, will ablate tumors within the range of NIR. In this study, we demonstrate the specific binding of antibody-coupled CNTs to tumor cells in vitro, followed by their highly specific ablation with NIR light. Biotinylated polar lipids were used to prepare stable, biocompatible, noncytotoxic CNT dispersions that were then attached to one of two different neutralite avidin-derivatized mAbs directed against either human CD22 or CD25. CD22 ؉ CD25 ؊ Daudi cells bound only CNTs coupled to the anti-CD22 mAb; CD22 ؊ CD25 ؉ activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells bound only to the CNTs coupled to the anti-CD25 mAb. Most importantly, only the specifically targeted cells were killed after exposure to NIR light.immunoconjugates ͉ lymphoma cells ͉ monoclonal antibodies ͉ nanotechnology ͉ near infrared light
BackgroundCow's milk protein causes an unfavorable and unwanted reaction in some individuals called cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA). It is more often imprecise and easily missed in primary care settings. Cow's Milk-related Symptom Score (CoMiSS) was developed as a screening and awareness tool to suggest the presence of CMPA using general, dermatological, gastrointestinal, and respiratory symptoms.ObjectiveAssess the utility of CoMiSS in the diagnosis of CMPA in Indian children aged between 0 and 24 months.MethodsA pilot multicentric, observational, longitudinal study was conducted over a period of 4 months among infants aged 0–24 months with symptoms suggestive of CMPA to measure the positive and negative predictive value of CoMiSS. A predesigned questionnaire was used to record the information via CoMiSS. The patients were confirmed of having CMPA via oral food challenge/skin prick test or ImmunoCAP test.ResultsA total of 83 children were enrolled in the study and majority of them had gastrointestinal complaints (61%, 51 of 83) followed by respiratory (41%, 34 of 83) and skin complaints (33%, 27 of 83). CoMiSS was >12 in 72.3% of the infants and amongst them 84.3% were confirmed via oral food challenge/ImmunoCAP test. The positive and negative predictive values for CoMiSS were 93% and 33% respectively.ConclusionCoMiSS can help predict CMPA in children aged less than 2 years in the Indian primary care setting, aiding in early diagnosis. Prospective randomized studies are needed to evaluate the use of CoMiSS further.
We hypothesized that using a large population database could potentially identify clinically important risk factors associated with AF. The primary objective of this phase of the study was to identify patients at high risk for undiagnosed AF. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using a commercial dataset to identify risk factors that are associated with AF ICD diagnosis codes of 427.31.
We demonstrate that a peptoid composed of five monomers and attached via a maleimide linker to a carrier protein elicits anti-peptoid, anti-linker and anti-carrier antibodies in rabbits. Specific anti-peptoid antibodies were affinity purified and used to reproducibly retrieve three specific peptoid-coupled beads from 20,000 irrelevant peptoid-beads using magnetic screening.
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