Laser technology is a convertible technology for plenty of parts in most materials. Laser material processing for industrial manufacturing applications is today a widespread procedure for welding, cutting, marking and micro machining of metal and plastic parts and components. Involvement and support this huge mass-production industry of laser cutting, new technology and dry-process using lasers were and are being actively developed. Fundamentally, industrial laser cutting or other applications on industry should satisfy the four key practical application issues including "Quality or Performance", "Throughput or Speed", "Cost or Total Ownership Cost", and "Reliability". Laser requires for examples several complicated physical factors to be resolved including die strength to be enable good wire-bonding and survival of severe cycling test, clean cutting wall surface, good cutting of direct attach film, and proper speed of cutting for achieving economy of throughput. Some example of maximum cutting rate, wherewith is normally limited laser energy, cutting speed is depend on type laser, different of cutting with one laser beam and beam pattern and applied laser power / material thickness will be introduced in this paper.
Discover problems of welds is not so easy from time to time. Specially, If welding was made in rough environmental conditions such as high temperature, humidity and dusty wind. It is necessary to provide good conditions to realize basic step of welding. For welding, have been used welding procedures specification and procedure qualification record. However, difficult conditions, documentations rightness or human errors are always here. Common weld defects like cracks, porosity, lack of penetration and distortion can compromise the strength of the base metal, as well as the integrity of the weld. According of site inspection, there were suspicion of intercrystalline corrosion, inclusions, leaker or segregation in root of weld, root weld stretches to the pipe inside, the welded pipes are not in axially level, the not proper surface treatment after welding and keep the intervals between single welds to not overheat the pipes.
Modern coating methods are having become an important part of industry. Wear resistance, durability, toughness (breakage resistance) and hot hardness (high hardness and chemical stability at high temperature) are the four main technological properties necessary for durability and long life time. These proprieties are for productivity, economy and ecology very important point. This resource deals with the analysis of properties of hard coatings and wear resistance of chemical vapour deposition (PVD) coated technology. It focuses on the preparation, execution and evaluation of test coatings on the front ball-milling cutters. Examination of these characteristic properties may give into an insight to the reason why some systems show excellent wear characteristic.
Find out defects or problems of welds are not so simple from time to time. Specially. If weld has been made in rough environmental conditions like high temperature. dusty wind and humidity. It is important to assure have good conditions to realize basic step of welding. For welding. have been used welding procedures specification and procedure qualification record. However. difficult conditions. documentations rightness or human errors are always here. Common weld defects like cracks. porosity. lack of penetration and distortion can compromise the strength of the base metal. as well as the integrity of the weld. According of site inspection. there were suspicion of inclusions. leaker or segregation in root of weld. Surface treatment after welding and keep the intervals between single welds to not overheat the pipes. To recognize those suspicions. mechanical testing around weld joint. determination of carbon content and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy will be done.
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