The objective of this study was to determine the parasitological profiles of traction equids from the semi-arid climate of Paraíba (PB) State. We analyzed 96 equids that performed traction work, with no defined breed, males and females, and all older than 24 months. Among the analyzed animals, 51% were donkeys, 41.7% mules, and 7.3% horses. Fecal material and blood were collected for parasitological examination and to determine the packed cell volume (PCV), respectively. The samples were sent to the Veterinary Parasitology Laboratory, Veterinary Hospital - IFPB, Sousa-PB campus, and epidemiological questionnaires were provided to the owners. It was observed that 83.3% of equids tested positive for gastrointestinal parasites. Strongylidae was the most prevalent parasite (83.3%), followed by Giardia sp. (5.3%), and Eimeria sp. (2.1%). The mean eggs per gram (EPG) value of the fecal samples was 1143. Fecal analysis revealed that 78.9% of the larvae were from "small strongyles". The presence of ectoparasites was not observed in the studied animals. The answers to our questionnaire revealed that 69.8% of the animals had never been dewormed and that the remaining 31.2% had only been dewormed once. We concluded that the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among traction equids in the municipality of Sousa-PB is high.

As doenças parasitárias são consideradas doenças negligenciadas, com alta ocorrência no Brasil. Praças públicas são importantes áreas de lazer frequentadas por crianças, jovens, adultos e idosos, porém, tais áreas possuem grande quantidade de animais, que eliminam fezes nesses locais, potencializando a transmissão de doenças parasitárias zoonóticas. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a ocorrência de parasitos em solos de praças públicas da cidade de Patos, estado da Paraíba, semiárido brasileiro. Foram colhidas cinco amostras de 100 g de bancos de areia de 28 praças públicas no período de novembro de 2018 a abril de 2019, totalizando 140 amostras. O processamento foi feito pelo método de sedimentação simples. Das 28 praças em 27 (96,43%) foram encontrados parasitas no solo, e das 140 amostras de solo em 74 (52,85%) foi encontrado algum tipo de agente parasitário, identificados como helmintos. Nas 28 praças, as frequências absolutas e relativas foram 25 (89,2%) para Ancylostoma spp., 13 (46,4%) para Strongyloides spp., oito (28,6%) para Trichuris spp., sete (25%) para Enterobiusvermicularis e seis (21,4%) para Toxocara spp. (P < 0,0001). Do número total de amostras (n = 140), 50 (35,7%) foram positivas para Ancylostoma spp., 18 (12,9%) para Strongyloides spp., nove (6,4%) para Trichuris spp., sete (5%) para Enterobius vermicularis e seis (4,2%) para Toxocara spp. (P < 0,0001). Das 140 amostras, 74 (52,85%) apresentaram alguma forma parasitária, sendo 60 (81%) com apenas um tipo de espécie parasitária e 14 (19%) estavam poliparasitadas. Houve maior densidade de positividade na área central da cidade. Dessa maneira, sugere-se melhor planejamento na manutenção desses espaços com vistas a garantir a sanidade ambiental e, consequentemente, promoção da saúde animal e humana.

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The present study described the prevalence and factors associated with the seropositivity for anti-Brucella spp. antibodies in working equids in the semiarid regionofnortheastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 322 equids (76 horses, 155 mules and 91 donkeys). The Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) was used as a screening method. Samples that were reactive in the RBPT were tested for confirmation using 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and the standard tube agglutination test (STAT). Overall, 7.1% (23/322) of the samples were positive according to the RBPT. After confirmatory tests, the prevalence of brucellosis was found to be 6.5% (21/322). Among these cases, 33.3% (7/21) were horses, 42.8% (9/21) were mules and 23.9% (5/21) were donkeys. In the multivariate analysis, age over 10 years was considered to be a factor associated with the seropositivity (OR: 17.17; 95% CI: 2.582-164.7, P = 0.006) for anti-Brucella spp. antibodies. The significant prevalence of anti-Brucella spp. antibodies found in working equids and the wide distribution of positive animals demonstrates a worrying epidemiological situation regarding brucellosis in the study region. Age over 10 years was a risk factor associated with the seropositivity for anti-Brucella spp. antibodies in animals.

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<p class="Normal1">The objective of this study was to analyze the knowledge of health professionals in Sousa’s basic care units about Visceral Leishmaniasis. 100 epidemiological questionnaires were applied with Community Health Agents, Nursing Technicians, Nurses and Doctors. It was observed that, among the 100 professionals interviewed, 88% stated that Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, 97% know Leishmaniasis by the name of Kala-azar. Regarding the transmission of Leishmaniasis, 80% of professionals believe that it happens through the bite of the infected mosquito. However, only 78% of professionals recognize that the etiological agent is protozoan. In relation to the treatment for Leishmaniasis, 100% of the professionals interviewed believe that there is treatment for this disease, and 90% mentioned that there was a cure. About the existence of a vaccine, 69% said it did not exist. Regarding control and prophylaxis measures, 34% refer to diagnostic tests on people and animals. In relation to the prevention of Leishmaniasis, 65% of professionals gave their opinion on preventing the spread of the mosquito and informing preventive measures. It is concluded that there are still conceptual gaps in health professionals in the municipality of Sousa - PB, about Visceral Leishmaniasis, with the need to implement permanent education processes for these professionals, contextualizing the information about leishmaniasis to the studied reality.</p>

RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar casos de intoxicação em coelhos após a aplicação de spray contendo cipermetrina em sua composição. Doze coelhos submetidos a procedimento cirúrgico experimental receberam como tratamento de feridas a aplicação diária de spray destinado à estimulação de cicatrização. O produto possuía em sua composição cipermetrina 4%. Durante o acompanhamento do pós-operatório, 33% dos animais (4/12) apresentaram sinais de intoxicação, caracterizados por hiperexcitabilidade, tremores, ataxia, movimentos involuntários e lateralização de cabeça. Após a constatação do quadro de intoxicação, o uso do spray foi suspenso em todos os animais. A ausência de qualquer sinal de intoxicação e completa recuperação do quadro clínico foi obtida no segundo dia após a suspensão do uso do spray. O quadro clínico foi associado a cipermetrina devido a semelhança dos sinais clínicos observados com os relatos encontrados na literatura para intoxicação por piretróides em animais de companhia. O que chamou atenção nesse caso foi que a utilização em forma de spray, além de ter sido tópica, foi realizada com dose terapêutica. Um possível fator agravante foi o hábito de constante lambedura dos coelhos. Concluiu-se que a cipermetrina como componente de drogas tópicas pode causar intoxicação em coelhos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Envenenamento. Leporinos. Piretróides. Tópico. SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to report cases of poisoning in rabbits after application of spray containing cypermethrin in its composition. Twelve rabbits were subjected to experimental surgery procedure receiving such wounds treatment a daily spray application for the stimulation of wound healing. The product had in its composition cypermethrin 4%. During the accompaniment of the postoperative period, 33% of animals (4/12) showed signs of intoxication, characterized by hyperexcitability, tremors, ataxia, involuntary movements and head lateralization. After finding of intoxication, the use of the spray was suspended in all animals. The absence of any sign of intoxication and complete recovery of the clinical condition was achieved on the second day after stopping use of the spray. The clinical condiction was associated to the cypermethrin use due to similarity of clinical signs reported in the literature for poisoning caused by pyrethroids in company animals. Which draws attention in this case was the use in spray form, besides having been topic, was performed with therapeutic dose. A possible contributing factor is the rabbits licking habit. It was concluded that the cypermethrin component as topical drugs can cause poisoning in rabbits.