Weeding is expensive and laborious, and some weeds may re-establish themselves afterwards. Arboreal leguminous plants can control weeds, and fertilization with nitrogen can increases the competitive ability of the maize. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of weed-removal and intercropping with sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) on control of weed plants and maize productivity. A randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement was used with five replications. Cultivar AG 105, fertilized with nitrogen (30 and 120 kg/ha of N applied to the plots) was subjected to the following treatments (subplots): A) no weeding; B) intercropping with sabiá (30 viable seeds/m2, broadcast between the rows of maize); C) hoeing {20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS)} with no removal of weeds (nROW); D) two hoeings at 20 and 40 DAS with ROW at 20 DAS; E) two hoeings at 20 and 40 DAS with ROW at 40 DAS; F) and two hoeings at 20 and 40 DAS with ROW after each hoeing. Increasing the dose of nitrogen reduced the growth of the sabiá (30%) and weeds (32%) and increased the corn green ear yield (115%) and grain yield (40%) of maize. Sabiá did not reduce the growth of weeds, but it was beneficial to corn because increased the number of green ears. Carrying out two hoeings, with or without the removal of weeds, reduced weed growth (92%) and provided the highest yields of green ears (5.6 t/ha) and grains (6.0 t/ha).
O rendimento do milho pode ser aumentado com a aplicação de doses de resíduos de espécies vegetais perenes. Muitos agricultores do Nordeste do Brasil utilizam resíduos de folhas da carnaubeira, uma palmeira nativa dessa região, para suprir as deficiências dos solos pobres em matéria orgânica. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de doses de resíduos foliares da carnaubeira sobre o rendimento de espigas verdes de duas cultivares de milho. O estudo foi complementado pela avaliação também do rendimento de grãos. Doses de resíduos foliares (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 t ha-1) foram aplicadas nos sulcos de semeadura de cultivares de milho (AG 1051 e BR 106). Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições e parcelas subdivididas (doses nas parcelas). O aumento da dose de resíduos foliares aumentou o número total, o número e a massa de espigas verdes empalhadas comercializáveis (BR 106), as massas total e de espigas verdes despalhadas comercializáveis e o rendimento de grãos (AG 1051 e BR 106). Mas a aplicação de resíduos foliares da carnaubeira não influenciou os números total e de espigas empalhadas comercializáveis, massa de espigas empalhadas (AG 1051), e o número de espigas despalhadas comercializáveis (AG 1051 e BR 106). A cultivar BR 106 foi superior à cultivar AG 1051 nos números total e de espigas verdes empalhadas comercializáveis e o contrário ocorreu nas massas de espigas verdes e no rendimento de grãos.
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