Mobile augmented reality applications are gaining prominence in education, but there is a need to design appropriate and enjoyable games to be used in educational contexts such as classrooms. This paper presents an interactive information system designed to support the implementation of an augmented reality application in the context of game-based learning. PlanetarySystemGO includes a location-based mobile augmented reality game designed to promote learning about the celestial bodies and planetary systems of the Universe, and a web application that interacts with the mobile device application. Besides face-to-face classes, this resource can also be used in online classes, which is very useful in social isolation situations as the ones caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it is the inclusion of the web application, with a back-office, in the information system that makes it possible to include curricula contents according to the grade level of students. Moreover, it is intended that teachers use the information system to include the contents they find appropriate to the grade level they teach. Therefore, it is crucial to provide their professional development to be able to use this resource. In this regard, a pilot study was conducted with teachers who participated in a STEM professional development programme in order to assess if the system is appropriate to be used by them. It is concluded that teachers found this resource relevant to motivate students to learn, and also acknowledged that the web application facilitated the introduction of appropriate curricula contents and also was useful to assess student performance during the game. Teachers need support, however, to implement these types of technologies which are not familiar to them. The necessary support can be provided through collaboration among the researchers and teachers in their schools. Besides engaging students to learn about celestial bodies, it is concluded that the information system can be used by teachers to introduce appropriate curricula contents and to be implemented in class.
RESUMO O objectivo geral deste estudo foi analisar e caracterizar as lesões ocorridas ao longo da época desportiva 2006/2007 na totalidade das ginastas portuguesas de competição. Foram observadas 79 atletas de Ginástica Artística Feminina, com idades entre os 6 e 18 anos, treinando em média 14,15h/semana. As lesões foram categorizadas em função da etiologia, tipo, distribuição anatómica, severidade e aparelho de ocorrência. Como principais resultados salienta-se: (i) 43% das atletas lesionaram-se, com uma taxa de 2,47 lesões em treino e 1,95 em competição; (ii) a maioria das lesões foi traumática (58,3%); (iii) a lesão mais frequente foi a entorse (21,3%); (iv) os membros inferiores foram a região mais atingida (53,5%); (v) a trave olímpica foi o aparelho com maior incidência lesiva (19,7%). Como principais conclusões, observou-se uma tendência notória na natureza das lesões tanto em função da sua etiologia, como da localização anatómica, tendência também evidente em relação à influência de algumas características de cargabilidade (h/semanais treino) no aparecimento de lesões.
Palavras-chave: ginástica artística feminina, lesões
ABSTRACT
Injury profile characterization in women's artistic gymnastics: a prospective research in female elite gymnasts throughout a seasonThe purpose of this study was to analyze and characterize the injuries occurred during the 2006/2007 season in all competitive Portuguese gymnasts. 79 Women's Artistic Gymnastics athletes, aged between 6-18 years and training on average 14.15 h/week, were observed. The injuries were categorized according to its etiology, type, anatomic distribution, severity and apparatus occurrence. As main results we point out: (i) 43% of the gymnasts were injured, with a 2.47 lesion rate in training and 1.95 in competition; (ii) the majority of injuries were traumatic (58.3%); (iii) the most common injury was the sprain (21.3%); (iv) lower limbs were the most affected (53.5%); (v) the beam was the apparatus with the highest lesion incidence (19.7%). We concluded that there is a visible trend in the nature of injuries both in terms of its etiology and anatomical location. The trend is also evident in relation to the influence of Training load (h/week training) in the injuries appearance.
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