Introduction: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) appears to induce osteogenesis and stimulate fracture repair; because of its capacity, it is considered a promising treatment, but the characteristics of response to different radiation doses must be investigated through in vivo studies to establish their safety and effectiveness. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the effects of the PBM at different doses on the repair of critical bone defects through histological and histomorphometric analyses. Methods: Sixty 90-day-old adult rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus, Wistar) weighing approximately 300 g were used. Critical bone defects of 5 mm in diameter were performed in their calvaria. The animals were randomly separated into 5 groups: C-Blood clot, L15-PBM 15J/cm2 , L30-PBM 30 J/ cm2 , L45-PBM 45 J/cm2 , L60-PBM 60 J/cm2 . Each group was subdivided according to observation periods of 30 and 60 days with 6 rats in each subgroup. Low-level gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) lasers were used at a 660 nm wavelength, 30 mW and 0.04 cm2 in area. The PBM was applied over 5 points; 4 points of application were distributed on the edges while one point of application was located in the center of the bone defect. PBM occurred right after the procedure. In 30 and 60 days, the animals were euthanized by anesthesia overdose and the analyses were performed. The data were analyzed statistically by the ANOVA, together with the Tukey test, whose significance level was 5%. Results: As regards the treatment factor, the highest percentage of bone neoformation was achieved by group L45-60. The group with the highest closure, despite not having a statistically significant difference with the other doses, was 45 J with only 0.49 mm between edges. Conclusion: Thus, the present study allowed concluding that the highest percentage of bone neoformation area was achieved at 45 J/cm2 in 60 days; that is, it was significantly effective in comparison with other doses.
Este artigo tem como objetivo principal entender a dinâmica socioespacial da ocupação dos espaços públicos urbanos e o sentido da formação deste território a partir das “rodas culturais”. Atualmente, nota-se a pré-disposição de coletivos culturais organizarem-se em “Rodas culturais” na cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes. Estes eventos consistem em ocupar espaços públicos de forma espontânea para realização de eventos que trazem consigo uma infinidade de estilos e particularidades de tribos, mas em sua maioria os artistas que mais têm se destacado nestes eventos são os rapper’s, através de suas batalhas de Mc’s, a partir das rimas de improviso denominadas de Freestyle. O que mais nos chamam a atenção nas rodas culturais é a grande quantidade de jovens, sendo a maioria negros e oriundos de localidades periféricas. Outro fator relevante é o índice de violência de algumas áreas periféricas (referimo-nos aos conflitos de facções de narcotraficantes), o que acaba por limitar alguns trânsitos e a mobilidade das pessoas em certas áreas por pertencerem a uma determinada comunidade. Fatores que aliados aos problemas relativos à segregação socioespacial, faz com que haja poucas atividades culturais praticadas pelo público jovem, como as rodas culturais em espaços públicos. A escala de limites territoriais entre centro e periferia é menor nas áreas centrais da cidade. Com isso, nota-se que as rodas culturais ocorrem na Praça São Salvador e embaixo do viaduto Leonel Brizola, que se tornam os principais pontos de encontro entre jovens adeptos da cultura hip hop.
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