This study offers a view on the increase in the therapeutic effectiveness of botulinum toxin A on the lower limbs when used in conjunction with a physiotherapeutic intervention, with improvements in mobility, gait pattern, range of motion and spasticity, which are maintained after the end of the physical therapy protocol. The use of botulinum toxin A on the lower limbs when used in conjunction with a physiotherapeutic intervention, can improve muscle tone, allowing a combined treatment and intended to provide improvement of motor ability and functional skills, and potentially, delay the need for surgery.

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the use of the Box and Block Test (BBT) for the evaluation of manual dexterity in patients with central nervous system disorders. Methods: Searches were performed the Medline, PEDro, Lilacs, Scielo and PubMed databases. The articles retrieved during the initial search were analyzed independently by two blinded reviewers based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) controlled clinical trial; (2) population with neurological disorders; (3) evaluation involving the BBT; (4) outcome: evaluation of manual dexterity; (5) year of publication: 2005 and 2016. Preselected articles were evaluated for methodological quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale (minimum score for inclusion: 5 points). Results: The search resulted in the retrieval of 51 articles, 42 of which did not meet the inclusion criteria. Nine articles addressed the use of the BBT as one of the methods for the evaluation of manual dexterity in patients with central nervous system disorders, were considered methodologically adequate and were included in the present systematic review. Conclusion: The studies analyzed suggest that the BBT is a fast, easy, safe measure of manual dexterity with good applicability for adults and children with neurofunctional diseases.

Introduction: Home-based programmes have received increasing attention in rehabilitation, providing an opportunity to continue aspects of therapy, benefiting the retention of established intervention effects. Objective: To describe the available home-based physiotherapy programmes in neurorehabilitation for people with neurological diseases. Method: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, OTseeker and PEDro were searched, no restrictions regarding the date of publication or language restrictions for randomized controlled clinical trial. The quality of the selected studies using the PEDro scale and the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias. Results: Fifteen articles met the eligibility criteria and quality assessment and were selected for the present systematic review. The findings supports the positive impact of home-based intervention, finding evidence in the changes in activity level, improvement in the control and muscle strength, balance and walking in patients with neurological conditions who perform rehabilitation program at home, with a good adherence of participants in total. Conclusion: Models of rehabilitative such as home-based programmes can be an alternative efficient method to deliver rehabilitation, showing to be beneficial in improving different aspects of activities, and participation.

Oral administration with solid dosage forms is a common route in the drug therapy widely used. The drug release by the disintegration process occurs in several gastrointestinal tract (GIT) regions. AC Biosusceptometry (ACB) was originally proposal to characterize the disintegration process of tablets in vitro and in the human stomach, through changes in magnetic signals. The aim of this work was to employ a multisensor ACB system to monitoring magnetic tablets and capsules in the human GIT and to obtain the magnetic images of the disintegration process. The ACB showed accuracy to quantify the gastric residence time, the intestinal transit time and the magnetic images allowed to visualize the disintegration of magnetic formulations in the GIT. The ACB is a non-invasive, radiation free technique, completely safe and harmless to the volunteers and had demonstrated potential to evaluate pharmaceutical dosage forms in the human gastrointestinal tract.

Investigar por meio de uma revisão sistemática o impacto do uso de cicloergômetro na função respiratória, cardiovascular, capacidade aeróbica, funcional e qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença renal crônica durante a hemodiálise. Métodos: A pesquisa buscou referências de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2018. Foram incluídas as bases Pubmed, Scielo, PEDro, Lilacs e Cochrane Library e foram usadas palavras-chave pré-selecionadas. Os artigos encontrados foram avaliados pela escala PEDro. A busca e análise foram realizadas por dois autores de forma independente. Resultados: Um total de 81 artigos foi identificado, no entanto apenas quatro atendiam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Devido ao pequeno número de artigos incluídos e à sua heterogeneidade, seus resultados não puderam ser submetidos à metanálise e foram apresentados de forma descritiva. Conclusão: O exercício aeróbico com uso de cicloergômetro realizado durante as sessões de hemodiálise promove melhora da capacidade aeróbia e condicionamento físico e por consequência na qualidade de vida.Palavras-chave: doença renal crônica, diálise renal, terapia por exercício, técnicas de exercício e de movimento.

The present study aimed to perform a literature review on the use of wearable inertial sensors for gait analysis of children in clinical practice. Methods: Searches were performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases for studies involving children or adolescents submitted to gait analysis with the use of wearable inertial sensors. No restrictions were imposed regarding the date of publication or language. Results: Three hundred twenty articles were retrieved, 14 of which met the eligibility criteria and were selected for the present systematic review. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias and study quality using the ROBINS-I and AXIS scale. The studies included in the present review reported multiple outcomes of kinematic gait assessments calculated from the signals provided by the wearable sensors, performed in a hospital setting, outpatient clinic, and a familiar environment, with several types of pediatric conditions. Conclusion: The findings suggest that wearable sensors are effective for the evaluation of quantitative gait variables in children with different pediatric conditions, enabling an objective analysis that should prove useful in the processes of clinical diagnosis and rehabilitation. However, given the relatively small number of studies published on this topic, it is difficult to make strong recommendations regarding the most appropriate equipment, sensor placement, and outcomes for assessing gait in children.

This study aims to determine processes and procedures for the analysis of the behavior of brain signals in clinical trials before and after different intervention protocols involving transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). In this study, PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for original articles describing clinical trials that used electroencephalography to analyze the behavior of brain signals after submitted to transcranial direct current stimulation. Searches were conducted with MeSH terms for clinical trials to determine the behavior of brain activity over time through evaluations performed before and after a period of intervention involving tDCS. The search was limited to articles published in English in the last ten years. It was found 257 articles during the initial search, where 14 of which were submitted to an appraisal of methodological quality, and 4 were considered to have adequate quality. Based on the results, there is inconsistency in the processes and procedures used for the acquisition of brain signals, even when limiting the search to clinical trials offering an analysis of evaluations performed before and after clinical interventions. Moreover, researchers seek to offer guidance regarding the acquisition of electroencephalography (EEG) signals to favor the quality of the data but fail to standardize regions for these acquisitions in the analysis of the results of tDCS.