Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is an autosomal dominant vascular disease involving multiple systems whose main pathological change is the presence of abnormal arteriovenous communications. Most common symptoms include skin and mucosal telangiectasias, epistaxis, gastrointestinal, pulmonary and intracerebral bleeding. The key imaging finding is the presence of visceral arteriovenous malformations. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and can be confirmed by molecular biology techniques. Treatment includes measures for management of epistaxis, as well as surgical excision, radiotherapy and embolization of arteriovenous malformations, with emphasis on endovascular treatment. The present pictorial essay includes a report of three typical cases of this entity and a literature review.

Objective:To evaluate the age in which the secondary ossification centers of the elbow appear and fuse in the Brazilian population. Methods:Nearly thirty radiographs were randomly selected for each age group from 0 to 18 years, with a total of 544 radiographs from 439 patients, between 2010 and 2015, without abnormalities secondary to trauma, metabolic or bone tumor diseases. Radiographs were retrospectively evaluated by two blind and independent observers, according to the presence or not of the ossification centers, and the fusion between them. Results:The age interval of appearance and fusion were, respectively: capitulum (0 to 1 year; 10 to 15 years), radius head (2 to 6 year; 12 to 16 years), medial epicondyle (2 to 8 years; 13 to 17 years), trochlea (5 to 11 years; 10 to 18 years), olecranon (6 to 11 years; 13 to 16 years), e lateral epicondyle (8 to 13 years; 12 to 16 years). Appearance and fusion were earlier in girls compared to boys (exception to capitulum and radius head). Conclusion:The chronological order was similar to the literature. For girls, the radius head and medial epicondyle appeared simultaneously. There was a tendency of the olecranon center to appear before the trochlea for both sexes. Level of Evidence III, Diagnostic Study.

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Injuries of the sciatic nerve are common causes of pain and limitation in the lower limbs. Due to its particular anatomy and its long course, the sciatic nerve is often involved in diseases of the pelvis or leg. In recent years, magnetic resonance neurography has become established as an important tool for the study of peripheral nerves and can be widely applied to the study of the sciatic nerve. Therefore, detailed knowledge of its anatomy and of the most prevalent diseases affecting it is essential to maximizing the accuracy of diagnostic imaging.

O termo gossipiboma é usado para descrever uma massa formada a partir de uma matriz de algodão cercada por uma reação inflamatória/granulomatosa. Sua incidência é estimada em 0,15% a 0,2%. O corpo estranho na cavidade abdominal pode servir de nicho para a proliferação de microrganismos e agir como foco primário para formação de abscessos e de peritonite. Vários estudos têm demonstrado a importância da correlação clínica com os diversos métodos de imagem (radiografia convencional, ultrassonografia, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética) no diagnóstico dos gossipibomas. Este ensaio tem por objetivo demonstrar uma série de casos típicos de gossipibomas abdominais e ilustrar suas diversas formas de apresentação, com ênfase nos achados dos diferentes métodos de imagem, visando a familiarizar os radiologistas com esta enfermidade e seus principais diagnósticos diferenciais.

The present report describes a case where typical findings of traumatic glenohumeral interposition of rotator cuff stumps were surgically confirmed. This condition is a rare complication of shoulder trauma. Generally, it occurs in high-energy trauma, frequently in association with glenohumeral joint dislocation. Radiography demonstrated increased joint space, internal rotation of the humerus and coracoid process fracture. In addition to the mentioned findings, magnetic resonance imaging showed massive rotator cuff tear with interposition of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus and subscapularis stumps within the glenohumeral joint. Surgical treatment was performed confirming the injury and the rotator cuff stumps interposition. It is important that radiologists and orthopedic surgeons become familiar with this entity which, because of its rarity, might be neglected in cases of shoulder trauma.

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In this paper, we present preliminary results of VA imaging of bone surface and of bone fracture using an experimental set-up. Our results encourage future studies using VA to evaluate bone fractures.