Staphylococcus spp. have become important human pathogens in recent decades due to the selection of resistant bacteria and the spread of their resistance genes in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of Staphylococcus spp. obtained from sewage in the city of Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil. The isolates were tested for susceptibility to antimicrobials using the Kirby-Bauer method for ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamicin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, linezolid, penicillin, rifampicin, sulfazotrim, tetracycline and vancomycin. Among the strains isolated from sewage, the greatest resistance was observed for penicillin and oxacillin, with 100% of isolates resistant to these antibiotics. Some antibiotics had resistant and sensitive strains (ampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, cefoxitin, azithromycin). Staphylococcus spp. were identified as sensitive to ciprofloxacin chloramphenicol gentamicin linezolid sulfazotrim tetracycline, vancomycin, with no strain resistant to these antibiotics.
RESUMO:O advento da Covid-19 e seu contágio mundial trouxeram consigo impactos econômicos, sociais e psicológicos à população. O Brasil já se encontra no terceiro lugar em número de casos de Covid-19 mundialmente (WHO, 2022), cenário este que favorece o desdobramento do medo pessoal do SARS-CoV-2 e de suas consequências. Este estudo se trata de uma pesquisa observacional, descritiva e transversal, que pretende avaliar os efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 na psicologia de acadêmicos de medicina de uma universidade pública. Os dados expostos foram coletados à distância, por meio da ferramenta online Google forms, enviada aos universitários pelo aplicativo Whatsapp. Os formulários aplicados agrupavam um questionário sociodemográfico/acadêmico e um questionário abordando a Escala de Medo da . Entre os 304 entrevistados, 45,7% eram pardos, apenas 7,5% estavam entre 26 e 30 anos, e apenas 0,3% tinham um mestrado. Com a realização dessa pesquisa, percebeu-se que, 77% apresentam pouco medo da Covid-19 segundo a estratificação de Faro et al. ( 2020), e 3,3% mostraram medo extremo. A média do escore total dos estudantes na EMC-19 foi 15,36, com escores que podem variar entre 7 e 35. Quanto as perguntas do questionário da EMC-19, 32,9% se mostraram indiferentes quando perguntados se tinham muito medo da Covid-19, e apenas 7,9% concordaram fortemente. Alunos do 3° ano da faculdade foram os que mostraram maior porcentagem entre os com "muito medo" (6%).). Os primeiros anos da faculdade de medicina apresentaram 3% dos estudantes com muito medo, enquanto a segunda metade só apresentou 0,3%. Através desse estudo, é demonstrada a importância da busca de estratégias para a prevenção desses transtornos mentais para a maior tranquilidade de vida destes futuros médicos, que refletirá nas suas produtividades profissionais.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) obtained from biological synthesis can be widely used in industrial and medical fields because of their observed antimicrobial activity. The objective of this study was to analyze the biosynthesis of AgNPs by the fungus Lentinus crinitus (L.) Fr., and to evaluate the potential of these nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs was evaluated by agar diffusion, and broth microdilution methods to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (CMI) against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The UV-Vis spectra of the reaction mixture showed a SPR band with peak absorbance at 423 nm, confirming the presence of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs demonstrated antagonistic action against C. tropicalis (1.88 µg. mL-1), C. albicans (30.09 µg. mL-1), E. coli and S. aureus (7.52 µg. mL- 1). The AgNPs mediated by L. crinitus are mostly spherical, triangular and rod-shaped (mean diameter 8.82 nm). The concentration of silver in their crystalline structure is 120.37 µg / mL, and protein residues as possible stabilizers. The Lentinus crinitus mushroom isolated from substrates of the Amazon biome is a promising bio-resource for the biological synthesis of AgNPs with relevant antimicrobial properties and demonstrating a great potential for its application in pharmaceutical and food industries.
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