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The removal of heteroaromatic nitrogen and sulfur impurities from a model oil through extraction with ionic liquids (ILs) containing metal salts was performed in view of the purification of fuel feeds. Chloride and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salts of Cu + , Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ were used. The systems based on ILs and metal compounds were applied both in batch-like liquid-liquid and continuous flow liquid-solid conditions. In a first phase, liquid-liquid biphasic extraction was used to choose the most adequate IL classes; the suitable systems were immobilized on a solid support to form metal-containing supported ionic liquid phases (SILPs). In a next phase, these SILPs were applied in breakthrough experiments. A selective extraction of N-compounds was achieved with metal-containing ionic liquids, in both liquidliquid and liquid-solid conditions. The breakthrough experiments using Cu(NTf 2 ) 2 À and FeCl 4 À containing [BMIM][NTf 2 ] SILPs immobilized on hierarchically structured silica monoliths resulted in an efficient separation of all the nitrogen compounds from the other impurities in the model oil.

The temperature-composition phase diagrams of 40 binary mixtures composed of a haloalkane dissolved in either 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfonate were measured from ambient temperature to the boiling point temperature of the solute. The coexistence curves corresponding to liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) boundaries were visually determined and the experimental results have been correlated using either the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model or a set of empirical equations capable of describing the corresponding upper critical solution temperatures (UCSTs) loci. The different types of LLE behavior were discussed in terms of the type of ionic liquid solvent, the alkyl-chain length of the solute, and the type and pattern of halogen substitution present in the haloalkane. Auxiliary simulation data (obtained by ab initio or by molecular dynamics methods) were used to corroborate some of the experimental findings. Also, they correlate in a semiquantitative way the observed LLE behavior with the dipole moments of the different solutes.

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