A angina de Ludwig é uma infecção do espaço submandibular originada, em geral, da infecção do 2 º ou 3 º molar inferior. Como conseqüência, pode causar mediastinite descendente necrosante, que representa uma forma grave e rara de infecção mediastinal, a qual exige diagnóstico precoce e tratamento cirúrgico para reduzir a alta mortalidade associada a esta doença. resultando em um quadro clínico grave descrito como mediastinite descendente necrosante (MDN). A demora no diagnóstico e a drenagem imprópria são as principais causas para a alta mortalidade nessa condição ameaça-dora, que requer diagnóstico e tratamento precoces. A maior série da literatura apresentou, em 34 anos, somente 43 casos de MDN. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar dois casos de MDN pós-angina de Ludwig, revisando os aspectos importantes do diagnóstico e do tratamento cirúrgico. DESCRIÇÃO DOS CASOSCaso 1: Homem branco de 56 anos, com odontalgia molar inferior esquerda, odinofagia, aumento de volume da região submandibular, dor torácica anterior ventilató-INTRODUÇÃO A mediastinite ocorre freqüentemente por perfuração esofágica ou infecção do esterno pós-cirurgia cardíaca. Embora rara, pode originar-se após angina de Ludwig,
Sympathectomy at the R4-R5 level is efficient in the resolution of primary axillary hyperhidrosis. The degree of patient satisfaction with the long-term surgical results is high. Mild compensatory hyperhidrosis is the main side effect associated with this technique.
Thoracoscopic enucleation of esophageal leiomyoma is a feasible, simple, and safe procedure. Thoracoscopy in the prone position with CO2 insufflation allows the use of usual technique of intubation and also provides optimal operative field. The advantages of the thoracoscopic approach are less postoperative discomfort and lower risk of complications from open thoracotomy (especially pulmonary).
ResumoA base do tratamento cirúrgico da Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico (SDT) é a ressecção da primeira costela, podendo associar-se à escalenectomia ou ainda à ressecção de costela cervical. Esta última é feita tradicionalmente por meio de um acesso supraclavicular ou mesmo axilar, o qual é tecnicamente mais trabalhoso. Pode ser realizada também por meio de acesso paraescapular. Embora tecnicamente atrativa e associada à menor invasividade e maior segurança, com ótimo resultado estético, a ressecção da primeira costela torácica, por intermédio de cirurgia videoassistida transaxilar ou pela técnica videotoracoscópica, é pouco relatada na literatura, e nenhuma referência foi encontrada sobre ressecção de costela cervical mediante essa técnica. Neste artigo, apresentamos essa inovação cirúrgica realizada com sucesso para ressecção de costela cervical em duas pacientes.Palavras-chaves: cirurgia vídeo-assistida; costela cervical; Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico; Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa. AbstractThe basis of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) surgical treatment is the first rib resection and may be associated with scalenectomy or cervical rib resection. The latter is traditionally done through a supraclavicular or axillary access, which is the most technically challenging. It can also be achieved through parascapular access. Although technically attractive and associated with less invasiveness and increased security, with excellent aesthetic results, the first thoracic rib resection via video-assisted transaxillary surgery or videothoracoscopic technique is seldom reported in the literature, and no reference was found on cervical rib resection through this technique. In this article, we introduced this innovation successfully performed for surgical cervical rib resection in two patients.Keywords: video-assisted surgery; cervical rib; Thoracic Outlet Syndrome; Nerve Compression Syndromes. IntroduçãoA abertura superior do tórax é delimitada em sua base pela primeira costela, pela face anterolateral do corpo da primeira vértebra torácica (T1) e pela borda superior do manúbrio esternal. O desfiladeiro torácico inclui três espaços estreitos (por isso o nome desfiladeiro) que se estendem da abertura do tórax até a região axilar. A porção proximal desse desfiladeiro inclui o triângulo interescaleno, formado entre o escaleno anterior e médio, e o espaço costoclavicular, formado
Objective: to report the preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules with the placement of a guidewire oriented by Computed Tomography. Methods: the nodules were marked using a needle in the shape of a hook or another in the shape of a Q, guided by tomography. The choice of the location for the marking was the shortest distance from the chest wall to the nodule. The marking procedure was performed under local anesthesia and a tomographic control was obtained immediately at the end. Patients were referred to the operating room. Surgical resection occurred less than two hours after the needle placement. Results: between February 2017 and October 2019, 22 patients aged 43 to 82 years (mean 62.1) were included. The nodules had diameters that varied from 4 to 30 mm and the distance between the nodules and the pleural surface varied from 2 to 43 mm. The location and resection of the nodules were successfully performed in all cases. The guidewire was displaced in five cases. Five patients presented pneumothorax, with the space between the visceral and parietal pleura varying from 2 to 19 mm. In nine patients, an intraparenchymal hematoma of 6 to 35 mm in length was observed without signs, symptoms, or hemodynamic and ventilatory repercussions. The histopathological study was conclusive in all patients. Conclusions: the localization of pulmonary nodules through guidewires proved to be safe, reliable, and feasible in this series of cases. There was no need for surgical intervention to treat complications.
Objective: interstitial lung disease comprises a group of lung diseases with wide pathophysiological varieties. This paper aims to report the video thoracoscopic surgical biopsy in patients with interstitial lung disease through a single minimal chest incision, without orotracheal intubation, without chest drainage, and without the use of neuromuscular blockers. Methods: this study is a series of 14 cases evaluated retrospectively, descriptively, where patients underwent a pulmonary surgical biopsy from January 2019 to January 2020. The patients included in the study had diffuse interstitial lung disease without a defined etiological diagnosis. Results: none of the patients had transoperative complications, there was no need for chest drainage in the postoperative period, and the patients pain, assessed using the verbal scale, had a mode of 2 (minimum value of 1 and maximum of 4) in the post immediate surgery and 1 (minimum value of 1 and maximum of 3) at the time of hospital discharge. The length of hospital stay was up to 24 hours, with 12 patients being discharged on the same day of hospitalization. Conclusion: therefore, it is concluded in this series of cases that the performance of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery procedures to perform lung biopsies, without orotracheal intubation, without chest drainage, and without the use of neuromuscular blockers, bring benefits to the patient without compromising his safety. Further larger studies are necessary to confirm the safety and efficiency of this method.
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