Cancers are one of the leading causes of deaths affecting millions of people around the world, therefore they are currently a major public health problem. The treatment of cancer is based on surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy, much of which is often insufficient and cause serious, burdensome and undesirable side effects. For many years, assorted secondary metabolites derived from plants have been used as antitumor agents. Recently, researchers have discovered a large number of new natural substances which can effectively interfere with cancer cells’ metabolism. The most famous groups of these compounds are topoisomerase and mitotic inhibitors. The aim of the latest research is to characterize natural compounds found in many common foods, especially by means of their abilities to regulate cell cycle, growth and differentiation, as well as epigenetic modulation. In this paper, we focus on a review of recent discoveries regarding nature-derived anticancer agents.

The current age of dynamic development of the space industry brings the mankind closer to routine manned space flights and space tourism. This progress leads to a demand for intensive astrobiological research aimed at improving strategies of the pharmacological protection of the human cells against extreme conditions. Although routine research in space remains out of our reach, it is worth noticing that the unique severe environment of the Earth’s stratosphere has been found to mimic subcosmic conditions, giving rise to the opportunity to use the stratospheric surface as a research model for the astrobiological studies. Our study included launching into the stratosphere a balloon containing mammalian normal and cancer cells treated with various compounds to examine whether these substances are capable of protecting the cells against stress caused by rapidly varying temperature, pressure, and radiation, especially UV. Owing to oxidative stress caused by irradiation and temperature shock, we used natural compounds which display antioxidant properties, namely, catechin isolated from green tea, honokiol derived from magnolia, curcumin from turmeric, and cinnamon extract. “After-flight” laboratory tests have shown the most active antioxidants as potential agents which can minimize harmful impact of extreme conditions on human cells.

1.AbstractCurrently ongoing age of the dynamic development of the space industry brings the mankind closer to the routine manned space flights and space tourism. That progress leads to a demand for intensive astrobiological research aimed at improving strategies of the pharmacological protection of the human cells against extreme conditions. Although routine research in space remain out of our reach, it is worth noticing that unique severe environment of the Earth’s stratosphere have been found to mimic subcosmic conditions, giving rise to the opportunity for use of stratospheric surface as a research model for the astrobiological studies. Our study included launching balloon into the stratosphere containing the human normal and cancer cells treated with various compounds to examine whether these medicines are capable to protect the cells against the stress caused by rapidly varying temperature, pressure and radiation, especially UV. Due to oxidative stress caused by irradiation and temperature shock, we used natural compounds which display antioxidant properties, namely catechin isolated from green tea, honokiol derived from magnolia, curcumin from turmeric and cinnamon extract. “After-flight” laboratory tests displayed the most active antioxidants as potential agents which can minimize harmful impact of extreme conditions to the human cells.