Health service policy and training focused on attitudinal qualities of individual service providers may improve access to SRH services for young people. Selective staff recruitment and professional development are important to increase sensitivity to youth issues. Promotion of non-judgemental and confidential care may also improve access for youth.

Service provision can be improved by training, and retaining friendly, attentive and non-judgemental staff. A model of service provision that includes general health care and provides sexual health services may increase the acceptability and accessibility of SRH services among youth. Additionally, our study highlights the need for choice between general and specialist SRH services.

Antiemetics are medications that are frequently used in the pre-hospital setting. However, recent evidence indicates that antiemetics are ineffective in reducing undifferentiated nausea scores and vomiting rates. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiemetics administered in the pre-hospital setting. This is a systematic review employing PRISMA guidelines of seven studies selected that included randomised controlled trials and prospective studies, investigating the use of antiemetics in the pre-hospital setting. Nausea scores, vomiting rates and rates of adverse effects along with other variables were summarised. Searches of PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL and InformIT yielded seven relevant full text articles. Trials that investigated the efficacy of all antiemetics in the pre-hospital setting were included in the search results. Overall, it was found that antiemetics were effective in reducing nausea and vomiting rates in the pre-hospital setting on initial evaluation. The antiemetics included in the studies were associated with insignificant or self-limiting side-effects. However, after further examination, the reliability of the preliminary results can be questioned because of the poor quality of all the studies reviewed. There is insufficient evidence to establish the efficacy of antiemetics in the pre-hospital setting despite their safety. Further rigorous studies, preferably randomised and double blinded control trials are required to establish the efficacy of antiemetics in the pre-hospital setting. Consequently, antiemetics should be used more selectively and reserved for severe nausea and intractable vomiting in the pre-hospital setting. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42016044090.