This paper is concerned with the variations in suicide rates in the 161-171 local authorities in England and Wales during the 11-year period 1961-71. Analysis of the overall secular trends shows that the rates for both males and females reached a peak in 1963 and subsequently declined at a steady rate. Virtually the whole of this reduction is associated with the fall in the number of poisonings by domestic gas. Suicide rates were about 50 per cent higher in males than in females and tended to increase with increasing age and, in general, were higher in the county boroughs than in the (more rural) county authorities. There is a marked variation in terms of geographical area, with the highest rates being reported in the London and South-East Region and the lowest rates in the South-East Wales and Northern Regions. There are also systematic differences between the various conurbations, with the highest rates in London and South-East Lancashire and the lowest in Merseyside and the West Midlands. The variations between individual local authorities are then considered and it is shown that as much as 99 per cent of the total variation can be explained in terms of a small number of variables which represent the general characteristics of the the local authority and the population. The most important of these variables is the proportion of single-person housegolds, which accounts for about three-quarters of the variation in the male suicide rates and more than half of the variation in female suicide rates. The significance of these results is discussed, with particular reference to the effect of the detoxification of the domestic gas supply during the period of study.
During the COVID-19 pandemic it was initially not possible to see people with lymphoedema face-to-face at lymphoedema services, due to the potential risks of the virus, because they were shielding, because of redeployment of rooms or staff, and due to sporadic restrictions of movement. The pandemic therefore accelerated adjustments in lymphoedema service delivery, while ensuring effective and efficient care was paramount. This document presents a pragmatic guide for lymphoedema services. Although clinical and non-clinical staff need to comply with guidance from their own organisations/commissioners, this document aims to provide specific guidance and share good practice in relation to lymphoedema management. These guidelines are based on analysis of the national response of Lymphoedema Network Wales during the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic and incorporate supporting contemporary advice. They have been used throughout NHS Wales, providing a standardised approach in supporting care for people with lymphoedema. In light of the enduring nature of COVID-19, it is imperative that lymphoedema services have a means to provide suitable care for patients. Although face-to-face appointments are sometimes deemed necessary, many patients can be suitably supported via telehealth consultations. These guidelines may help lymphoedema services restore and reset in a safe and acceptable manner.
Weight management and psychological health are intertwined. Patients in this context are often mindful of how to eat healthily and what they need to do to lose weight, but frequently self-sabotage, with external influences often impact any attempted weight-loss approach. Consequently, any form of lymphoedema management is also thwarted and vicious cycles between success and rebound occur. This article describes a 6-week weight-management programme that took place before the COVID-19 pandemic. The programme focused exclusively on the expectation that, if a patient's psychological health could be improved, weight reduction would occur as a result, and, in turn, any positive effects on adherence with lymphoedema treatments could be observed.
fessions should be aware of this risk and that patients with joint replacements should be added to the list of those requiring prophylactic antibiotic therapy before dental treatment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.