UrQMD phase-space coalescence calculations for the production of deuterons are compared with available data for various reactions from the GSI/FAIR energy regime up to LHC. It is found that the production process of deuterons, as reflected in their rapidity and transverse momentum distributions in p+p, p+A and A+A collisions at a beam energies starting from the GSI energy regime around 1 AGeV and up to the LHC, are in good agreement with experimental data. We further explore the energy and centrality dependence of the d/p ratios. Finally, we discuss antideuteron production for selected systems. Overall, a good description of the experimental data is observed. The results are also compatible with thermal model estimates. Most importantly this good description is based only on a single set of coalescence parameters that is independent of energy system size and can also be applied for anti-deuterons.

We explore the directed, elliptic, triangular and quadrangular flow of deuterons in Au+Au reactions at a beam energy of 1.23 AGeV within the UrQMD approach. These investigations are of direct relevance for the HADES experiment at GSI that has recently presented first data on the flow of light clusters in Au+Au collisions at 1.23 AGeV. To address the deuteron flow, UrQMD has been extended to include deuteron formation by coalescence. We find that this ansatz provides a very good description of the measured deuteron flow data, if a hard equation of state is used for the simulation. In addition we show that light cluster formation has a sizable impact on the proton flow and has to be taken into account to obtain reliable results in the forward/backward region. Based on the observed scaling of the flow, which is a natural result of coalescence, we conclude that deuteron production at GSI energies is a final state recombination effect. Finally, we also discuss the scaling relations of the higher order flow components up to v4. We show that v3 ∼ v1v2 and v4 ∼ v 2 2 as function of transverse momentum and that the integrated v 2 2 ∼ v4 over the investigated energy range from E lab =0.1 AGeV to 40 AGeV.