ResumoIntrodução: A prevalência das incontinências anal e urinária que são mais comuns em mulheres, aumenta com a idade. Tais disfunções podem ser encontradas isoladamente ou em associação (incontinência dupla) e podem provocar grande impacto na qualidade de vida. Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência das incontinências anal e dupla e o impacto dessas condições sobre a qualidade de vida de mulheres idosas da comunidade. As variáveis foram estudadas de maneira descritiva, por meio do cálculo de frequências absolutas e relativas e, no caso da variável idade e dos escores de qualidade de vida, por meio do cálculo da média e desvio-padrão. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 66 mulheres, com média de idade de 69,6±7,2 anos. A prevalência de incontinência anal foi de 28,8% (n=19), e a prevalência de incontinência dupla foi de 18,1% (n=12). Pacientes com incontinência anal isolada e dupla apresentaram impacto negativo na qualidade de vida, conforme indicado pelos escores dos domínios avaliados. Conclusão: A prevalência de incontinência anal foi mais elevada do que a prevalência de incontinência fecal isolada ou de incontinência anal encontrada em outras populações. O mesmo foi observado em relação à prevalência de incontinência dupla. Houve impacto negativo de ambas as condições em todos os domínios de qualidade de vida avaliados. Descritores: Incontinência fecal; Incontinência urinária; Qualidade de vida; Saúde do idoso AbstractIntroduction: The prevalence of anal and urinary incontinence is more frequent in women, and it increases with age. Such dysfunctions may be found alone or in combination (double incontinence), and they may have a major impact on quality of life. Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence of anal and double incontinence, as well as the impact these conditions cause on the quality of life of elderly women residents in a community. Patients and Methods:We carried out an observational descriptive study involving women aged 60 and over who sought the Primary Health Care Unit for vaccination. For the urinary and anal incontinence screening, Brazilian versions of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire -Short Form and the Anal Incontinence Index were used. Women who presented scores different from zero in both questionnaires were diagnosed with double incontinence. The evaluation on the impact of anal incontinence on quality of life was done through the Brazilian version of Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire. We used descriptive statistics to calculate relative and absolute frequencies. Age and Quality of life domain scores were expressed using mean and standard deviation. Results: Sixty-six women were included in the study. Mean age was 69.6±7.2 years. The prevalence of Anal Incontinence was 28.8% (n=19) and the prevalence of double incontinence was 18.1% (n=12). Patients with isolated and double anal incontinence had a negative impact on quality of life, as indicated by the scores of the domains evaluated. Conclusions: The prevalence of anal incontinence was higher than the...

Adrenergic overactivity was the main determinant of IL 1β levels, thus demonstrating that an excessive sympathetic activity influences the systemic inflammatory response. Exercise test variables were not able to identify patients with high IL 1β levels.

RESUMO Introdução: A participação feminina no esporte teve um marco importante em 1972, quando uma emenda constitucional foi implementada para garantir a igualdade de oportunidades para homens e mulheres. Desde então, o percentual de participantes em esportes competitivos tem crescido. Nesse contexto tornou-se necessário compreender sobre ciclo menstrual, uso de anticoncepcionais e suas respostas individuais. Objetivo: Investigar características do ciclo menstrual, sintomas físicos e de humor, queixas relacionadas ao sangramento vaginal e métodos contraceptivos usados por atletas olímpicas brasileiras. Avaliar se percebem influência do sangramento vaginal no desempenho esportivo, como elas o controlam e o que pode ser mudado para melhorar seus cuidados e desempenho esportivo. Além disso, propõe-se atendimento específico por ginecologista especializada em medicina esportiva. Métodos: Estudo observacional, descritivo, realizado de julho a agosto de 2016 que incluiu 118 atletas olímpicas brasileiras, na menacme. As atletas responderam a um questionário online autoaplicável e adaptado intitulado “Pre-Participation Gynaecological Examination”. Resultados: As participantes praticavam 28 esportes diferentes, com média de idade = 27 ± 4,7 anos. Para 66%, foi a primeira participação em um evento olímpico. A maioria usava anticoncepcional (54%), principalmente oral (61%). A maioria (76%) acredita que o sangramento vaginal influencia o desempenho esportivo e 63% preferiam competir após o mesmo. 58% das atletas competiriam no momento preferido de seu ciclo. Sintomas de ansiedade, distensão abdominal, aumento do apetite, depressão e dismenorreia foram indicados por 52%. Entre esses, 49% deterioraram o desempenho esportivo. Conclusão: Em sua primeira participação olímpica, as atletas brasileiras utilizaram anticoncepcionais hormonais, principalmente orais, para controlar e adaptar o sangramento vaginal ao calendário de competição, pois a maioria referiu que os sintomas físicos e de humor prejudicaram o desempenho esportivo. A presença de uma Ginecologista Esportiva como parte da Equipe Médica Olímpica destacou os problemas das atletas femininas e as ajudou a melhorar o desempenho esportivo. Nível de Evidência IV; Estudo Observacional.

Introduction: Female participation in sports has reached a milestone in 1972 when a constitutional amendment was implemented to ensure equal opportunities for men and women. Since then, the percentage of participants in competitive sports has grown. In this context became necessary to understand menstrual cycle, contraceptive use, and its individual responses. Objective: To investigate menstrual cycle characteristics, physical and mood symptoms related to vaginal bleeding, and contraceptives used by Brazilian Olympic athletes. Also, to assess if these athletes relate that vaginal bleeding influences sportive performance, how they manage it and what can be changed to improve their health care and sportive performance. Additionally, we propose specialized female care by a gynaecologist specialized in sports medicine. Methods: Descriptive observational study was conducted from July to August 2016 and included 118 Brazilian Olympic female athletes, in menacme. The athletes completed a self-administered online questionnaire, adapted from Pre-Participation Gynaecological Examination of female athletes. Results: Participants practiced 28 different sports, mean age 27 ± 4.7 years. For 66% it was their first participation in an Olympic Game. Most used contraceptives (54%), mainly oral (61%). Most (76%) believed that vaginal bleeding influenced sports performance, and 63% preferred to compete after bleeding cessation. Fifty-eight percent would compete at preferred time of their cycle. Anxiety symptoms, bloating, increased appetite, depression, and dysmenorrhea were indicated by 52%. Among these, 49% reported that these symptoms deteriorated their sportive performance. Conclusion: Most in their first Olympic participation, Brazilian athletes used hormone contraceptives, mainly oral ones to manage and adapt their vaginal bleeding to the competition calendar because most of them referred those physical and mood symptoms deteriorated their sportive performance. The presence of a Sportive Gynaecologist as part of the Olympic Medical Staff highlighted the female athletes issues and helped them to improve sportive performance. Level of Evidence IV; Cross-sectional observational study

Introduction: Female participation in sports had reached a milestone in 1972 when a constitutional amendment was implemented to ensure equal opportunities for men and women. Since then, the percentage of participants in competitive sports has grown. In 1992, an association was made between three disorders related to female athletes called the “Female Athlete Triad”. After that, much has been studied about this and other particularities of female athletes. Objective: To identify the professionals who follow-up Brazilian female Olympic athletes and the association between a multidisciplinary approach and athletes’ knowledge about gynecological issues related to the practice of sport, i.e., female athlete triad, urinary incontinence, and weight control concerns. Methods: This observational study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2016, during the Olympic Games. It included 120 female members of the Brazilian teams. A self-applied questionnaire, validated and adapted from the pre-participation gynecological evaluation of female athletes, was used to evaluate their multidisciplinary follow-ups, weight control concerns, and knowledge about the Female Athlete Triad and urinary incontinence. Results: The athletes practiced 28 different sports. For 66%, it was their first participation in Olympic Games; 56% were unaware of the female athlete triad, 77% indicated weight concerns, and 52% were on a diet. The use of diuretics or laxatives or vomiting was reported by 11%; 67.5% were aware that sports are a risk factor for urinary incontinence, and 40% had already experienced urine loss. Decreased sportive performance was mentioned by 31%. Several athletes presented multidisciplinary follow-ups psychological (83%), nutritional (96%), and gynecological (83%). Conclusion: Brazilian Olympic athletes sought multidisciplinary follow-ups during the Olympic cycle; however, participants’ knowledge of sports-related issues remains limited. An orientation program regarding the above conditions is needed for female athletes and the professionals working with them to improve health and performance. Evidence Level IV; Cross-sectional observational study.