In this note, we study some properties of the GHZ state. First, we present a quantum secret sharing scheme in which the participants require only classical channels in order to reconstruct the secret; our protocol is significantly more efficient than the trivial usage of teleportation. Second, we show that the classical simulation of an n-party GHZ state requires at least n log 2 n − 2n bits of communication. Finally, we present a problem simpler than the complete simulation of the multi-party GHZ state, that could lead to a no-go theorem for GHZ state simulation.
We study the matter-coupled equations of motion for cosmological NS massless fields including all α′ corrections in an O(d, d) duality invariant approach, with emphasis on the Kalb-Ramond two-form field B(2) and its source. Solutions for the vacuum and matter cases are found and the corresponding Einstein frame cosmologies are discussed. We also show that the ansatz for B(2) required by the duality invariant framework implies that the two-form is non-isotropic.
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