High levels of occupational stress and burnout are costly for correctional services and their employees. Correctional officers report high levels of burnout, absenteeism, turnover, and poor physical health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of burnout and the coping mechanisms used to buffer the effects of burnout within correctional centers. In the current study, 208 correctional officers from adult and young offender centers completed an online survey measuring burnout and coping strategies. Results from the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) Scale indicated that even though correctional center officers mostly used adaptive coping strategies, they still reported high levels of burnout. The results of this study suggest that there are variables other than coping strategies, such as gender and length of experience, that lead to the level of burnout as observed in correctional officers.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of personality, living arrangements, and alcohol consumption amongst first year University students. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, and the Ontario Life Styles Survey were administered to 94 Laurentian University Students. The subjects resided in one of three living arrangements; on campus, off campus, or with their parents. There was a significant difference between gender on the total weekly consumption scores and on risk for alcohol addiction. Male students living off campus and in residence showed greater risk for alcohol addiction than did students living with their parents. Those students who were at risk for alcohol addiction showed higher mean scores on clinical scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory including psychopathic deviance and mania. A significance was also noted in self-esteem and living arrangements with the students living off campus having higher self-esteem than those students living with parents or in residence.

On the basis of surveys completed by 105 male participants in a popular marathon, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the variables contributing significantly to the prediction of final time. Overall prediction was successful, with R = .896, and training pace was the most important factor in the equation, speedier workouts being associated with faster marathon times. Final time was also related positively to best 10-km race time in the previous 12 mo. and repression-sensitization (faster runners being more sensitized), and negatively to maximum number of training miles in a single week, number of previous marathons completed, and number of days of training lost through illness or injury. Contrary to expectations, locus of control was not related to final time. Only 27% of the runners had lost training time through injury, but a discriminant analysis showed that, compared to those who had avoided this problem, the injured were younger, rested less, ran less in the week prior to the marathon, ran a slightly longer long run but ran it earlier before the race, and ran fewer runs of 20 miles or more. It is suggested that researchers should study the repression-sensitization variable and investigate injury in runners preparing for a marathon.

Of 161 physically disabled participants, 139 were actively involved in athletic competition or were undergoing systematic training for an athletic event. The participants were classified into 4 groups: 33 amputees, 46 blind persons, 15 cerebral palsied, and 22 disabled nonathletes. Multiple discriminant analyses suggested that group membership could be predicted with 811% success for disabled athletes and 71 4% for disabled nonathletes. The results suggest that, when all variables are considered, these disabled athletes have significantly higher self-esteem, exhibit greater life satisfaction and happiness, are more externalized, and attain more education than disabled nonathletes. Psychosocial functioning of disabled individuals might be enhanced through active participation in athletic events.