Applications of aerobic oxidation methods in pharmaceutical manufacturing are limited, in part, because mixtures of oxygen gas and organic solvents often create the potential for a flammable atmosphere. To address this issue, limiting oxygen concentration (LOC) values, which define the minimum partial pressure of oxygen that supports a combustible mixture, have been measured for nine commonly used organic solvents at elevated temperature and pressure. The solvents include acetic acid, N-methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, t-amyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, methanol, acetonitrile, and toluene. The data obtained from these studies help define safe operating conditions for the use of oxygen with organic solvents.
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