The technique of microfracture (MFX) was first performed 40 years ago and served for many years as the main procedure for repairing cartilage defects. There is a need to improve microfractures because the regenerated cartilage differs from the original histological aspect; it is less hyaline and more fibrocartilaginous. In addition, and more importantly, the benefits do not persist and the long-term results are unsatisfactory. Adjunctive treatments include platelet-rich plasma (PRP), cell-free-based scaffolds, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC). The aim of this review was to provide an overview and a perspective of the available data regarding MFX and the principal adjunctive treatments from recent years and also to challenge the traditional MFX procedure. We found that cell-free scaffolds, platelet-rich plasma, and bone marrow aspirate concentrate, although they are relatively novel therapies, showed great potential and maintained their clinical benefits for longer periods of time compared to microfracture alone. As for chitosan-based therapy and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, we were not able to form a definitive conclusion. We believe that the available data show promising results, and future research should be done on each topic discussed. Moreover, investigators involved in bone marrow stimulation techniques should focus on conducting prospective comparative studies, performing second-look arthroscopy, and rely on a single enhancement procedure that can be adequately compared with MFX alone.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive diagnostic method with no known side effects and a high sensitivity for detecting meniscal lesions as well as lesions of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. For a correct and complete diagnosis, MRI results must be interpreted in the context of clinical examination and anamnesis. MRI results can support the surgical indication for arthroscopy, which is a minimally invasive intervention that facilitates the visualization, investigation, diagnosis, and treatment of intra-articular lesions of the knee. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between MRI results and the intra-articular lesions detected arthroscopically. Material and methods: This retrospective study evaluated a total of 60 patients admitted and treated between January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2014 in the Clinic of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Mureș County Hospital, Târgu Mureș, Romania. Results: In the 43 patients with lesion of the anterior cruciate ligament, the lesions were seen on MRI in 40 patients (93%) and confirmed arthroscopically in 37 patients (86%). In 34 cases (79.1% of the total of 43), the MRI and arthroscopic results were similar, the Kappa coefficient showing a high degree of correlation (0.90). Conclusion: By assessing the Kappa coefficient to highlight the correlation between MRI results and arthroscopic diagnosis for knee injuries, a statistically relevant correlation between the two methods was found. This suggests that a correct diagnosis can be achieved by both methods.

Introduction. The number of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in a constant rise, especially in the low and middle income countries. They could be highly prevented by implementing programs that will help in promoting health and changing harmful behaviors. The aim of this paper is to show that Rebound exercisesis a great example of such physical activity. Material and method. The study plan was designed to asses both physical and functional explorations, ultrasound scans, self-perception of body image and laboratory parameters for each patient. A total of 64 parameters were analyzed: 44 anthropometric parameters and 20 body composition parameters from 80 participants. The subjects were analyzed for a period of 6 months. Results and discussions. Parameters were analyzed at the beginning of the study (07.02.2019), after 3 months (25.05.2019) and at the end (26.09.2019). The results showed improvements in all utilized parameters. Conclusions. This study offers a novel perspective on Kangoo jumps practice. People with spine problems, diabetes, overweight levels, improved their health, got rid of back pain, lost weight and had a more toned body. Keywords: physical activity, overweight, harmful behaviors, non-communicable diseases

The general improvement in life expectancy and standard of living makes it easier for patients to get access to routine medical exams and is anticipated to increase the prevalence of several degenerative joint illnesses. In addition, it is anticipated that their incidence will increase both nationally and internationally, which will raise the demand for novel and long-lasting implantable devices in the field of orthopedics. The current review’s goals are to define what constitutes a biocompatible orthopedic implant in terms of in vitro biocompatibility testing and to clarify important concepts and definitions that are already in use. The demand for materials and implants made of various tissues is now increasing, and the ongoing advancement of in vitro cell culture studies is a reliable practical tool for examining the biocompatibility of potential implantable materials. In vitro biocompatibility research has been reduced and, in most cases, diminished to laboratory studies that no longer or drastically reduce animal sacrifice as a response to the well-known three “Rs” (“reduction”, “refinement”, and “replacement”) introduced to literature by English academics in the 1960s. As technology advances at an astounding rate, a new generation of gene-activating biomaterials tailored for specific people and disease conditions might emerge in the near future.