Ss solved 3 circle problems in each of 8 conditions formed by the presence or absence of a requirement to (a) verbalize, (b) attempt a general solution, and (c) work in the presence of another person. Immediate presence of another was found to facilitate performance heavily on the S-tile problem, but not on the 6-tile (test) problem. Verbalization strongly enhanced problem solving on the 6-tile problem, thereby confirming earlier results. Social facilitation and the absence of interactions among main effects on this kind of task were unanticipated; the results were interpreted in terms of mixedtask demands and social facilitation theory.
This study was designed to test the hypothesis, implicit in several areas of previous research, that high tolerance for ambiguity is a cognitive style which reflects high levels of underlying psychological health. Using Self-Actualization scores on the Tennessee Self Concept Scale, 36 adult subjects were defined as relatively high or low in self-actualization with equal numbers of males and females in each group. All subjects then performed individually on the Rorschach test and the Rorschach protocols were rated reliably for degree of tolerance for ambiguity. It was found that regardless of sex the high self-actualization group exhibited a significantly higher level of tolerance for ambiguity than the low self-actualization group. The finding was interpreted as confirmation of the study's hypothesis.
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