Abstract. Internal conversion coefficients involving atomic electrons (ICC) and electron-positron pairs (IPC) are often required to determine transition multipolarities and total transition rates. A new internal conversion coefficient data base, BrIcc has been developed which integrates a number of tabulations on ICC and IPC, as well as Ω(E0) electronic factors. To decide which theoretical internal conversion coefficient table to use the accurately determined experimental α K , α L , α Total and α K /α L values were compared with the new Dirac-Fock calculations using extreme assumptions on the effect of the atomic vacancy. While the overall difference between experiment and theory is less than 1%, our analysis shows preference towards the so called Frozen Orbital approximation, which takes into account the effect of the atomic vacancy.

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to extend and improve prior readability and obfuscation research by investigating the effect of connotation on readability and obfuscation. Furthermore, the paper aims to develop and apply a novel connotation-based obfuscation assessment approach. Design/methodology/approach -In total, 87 chairman reports of firms included in the Standard & Poor's ASX200 index were analyzed. The readability of sections and connotation-based groups of sentences within these narratives were assessed using the Flesch readability formula. The presence or absence of obfuscation within the analyzed chairman addresses was determined using a novel connotation-based obfuscation assessment approach. Findings -The study demonstrates that the mid section within the analyzed chairman addresses was significantly more difficult to read than the first and last sections. However, the notion that these reading difficulty differences were due to the prevalence of positive and negative news within these sections could not be supported. A subsequent analysis of the reading difficulty differences between connotation-based groups of sentences identified the largely positive group of sentences as an important source of reading difficulty. Finally, the advantages resulting from an application of the connotation-based obfuscation assessment developed in this paper over the traditional obfuscation assessment techniques used in prior literature are demonstrated. Originality/value -This paper provides a substantial contribution to the literature by establishing a direct link between the connotation of information provided in financial reporting narratives and the readability and obfuscation exhibited by these narratives. The novel assessment approach developed in this paper can be used to benefit preparers and users of financial reporting information by identifying types of sentences whose preparation and/or analysis should be approached cautiously.

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Hypotheses for the formation of many types of hydrothermal ore deposits often involve the direct contribution of magmarelated fluids (e.g., Cu -Mo -Au porphyries) or their superimposition on barren hydrothermal cells (e.g., volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits). However, the chemical and phase compositions of such fluids remain largely unknown. We report preliminary results of a comprehensive study of fluid bubbles trapped inside glassy melt inclusions in primitive olivine phenocrysts and pillow-rim glasses from basaltic magmas from different tectonic environments, including mid-ocean ridges (Macquarie Island, SW Pacific and Mid-Atlantic Ridge 43°N Fracture Zone), ocean islands (Hawaii) and a variety of modern and ancient backarc -island arc settings (eastern Manus Basin, Okinawa and Vanuatu Troughs, Troodos, New Caledonia and Hunter Ridge -Hunter Fracture Zone). Fluid bubbles from all localities, studied using electron microscopy with EDS and laser Raman spectroscopy, are composed of CO 2 -( ± H 2 O ± sulfur)-bearing vapor and contain significant amounts of amorphous (Na -K -Ca -Fe alumino-silicates and dissorded carbon) and crystalline phases. The crystals are represented mainly by carbonates (magnesite, calcite, ankerite, dolomite, siderite, nahcolite and rhodochrosite), sulfates (anhydrite, gypsum, barite and anglesite), and sulfides (pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and marcasite), though other minerals (brukite, apatite, halite, clinoenstatite, kalsilite, nepheline, amphibole and mica) may occur as well. We argue that chemical components (e.g., C, H, S, Cl, Si, Al, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ca, Mg, Ba, Pb and Cu) that later formed precipitates in fluid bubbles were originally dissolved in the magmatic fluid, and were not supplied by host glasses or phenocrysts after entrapment. Magma-related fluid rich in dissolved metals and other non-volatile elements may be a potential precursor to ore-forming solutions. D

ABSTR ACTNear infrared absorption (NIR) spectra of natural morphologically cubic polycrystalline diamonds (cuboid) were obtained at room temperature, and the stretching plus bending combination band of molecular water was observed. The spectrum consisted of the main band at 5180 cm 1 due to liquid water and a shoulder at 5000 cm 1 . The 5000 cm 1 band suggests the presence of a phase with stronger hydrogen bonding in inclusions in the diamond. This shoulder absorption decreased on heating to 1208C. The combination band of H 2 O at high pressure and temperature was measured using a resistively heated diamond cell and the pressure dependence of the peak position was obtained. Comparison with the present experimental results indicates that the spectral changes induced by heating of the cuboid corresponded to melting of a high-pressure form of ice, and the shoulder absorption at 5000 cm 1 arises from ice VI at 1.9 GPa. On the other hand, the liquid water, a main component of the fluid inclusions in the cuboid, was not under high pressure judging from the frequency of the combination band. This contrast might relate to the texture of the cuboid diamond. The spectral observation enables us to estimate the residual pressure of mantle fluid encapsulated in these diamonds. The diamond-cell data also provide high-P-T NIR fingerprint spectra that could be useful for identifying H 2 O phases and confining pressures in other samples.

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