Additional index words. Malus × domestica, Venturia inaequalis, fruit breeding, disease resistance 'GoldRush' is a late-maturing yellow apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) with excellent fruit quality and long storage ability combined with field immunity to apple scab incited by Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint., a high level of resistance to apple mildew incited by Podosphaera leucotricha (En & EV.) Salm., and moderate resistance to fire blight incited by Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winslow. It was named 'GoldRush' to emphasize its golden ground color and bronze blush combined with its "rush" of flavor. 'GoldRush' is the tenth apple cultivar developed by the cooperative breeding program of the Indiana, Illinois, and New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Stations (Crosby et al., 1992). Fruiting has been observed at various locations in the United States, including the Purdue Univ. Horticultural Research Farm for 13 years and Rutgers Univ. for 3 years. The fruit is characterized by a complex, rich spicy flavor with a high degree of acidity and sweetness. Acidity moderates in cold storage, resulting in exceptional overall quality after 2 to 3 months. The apple retains its complex sprightly flavor and crisp, firm texture for at least 7 months at 1C. The cultivar has been rated consistently as the highest quality apple after storage of all selections or cultivars tested at Purdue Univ. The fruit produces little cuticular wax and does not become greasy even after 7 months in storage. Moisture content of the fruit will need to be managed by various methods to prevent dehydration in storage, but even when shriveling occurs, the flesh texture remains crisp. Fruit thinning will be required to produce large fruit.
Additional index words. Malus × domestica, Venturia inaequalis, fruit breeding, disease resistance 'Enterprise' is a late-maturing, attractive, red apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) with excellent fruit quality combined with field immunity to apple scab incited by Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint., a high level of resistance to cedar-apple rust incited by Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae (Schw.), a high level of resistance to fire blight incited by Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winslow, and moderate resistance to powdery mildew incited by Podosphaera leucotricha (En. & Ev.) Salm. The large, attractive, red fruit matures ≈ 3 weeks after 'Delicious' and retains excellent quality for up to 6 months at 1 C. The letters "pri" in the name commemorate the Purdue-Rutgers-Illinois cooperative apple breeding program. 'Enterprise' is the ninth apple cultivar developed by the cooperative breeding program of the Indiana, Illinois, and New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Stations (Crosby et al., 1992). Fruiting has been observed for 15, 4, and
Paclobutrazol (PBZ) as a systemic fungicide for control of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) was investigated in mature (cv. Hopa and Snow Drift) and young sapling (cv. Indian Magic) crabapples (Malus spp.). Treatments consisted of a control and PBZ applied to mature trees at one or two times the recommended rate in April 2002 using the basal drench method. Saplings received either foliar or soil drench applications of PBZ, or foliar applications of propiconazole. Disease assessments of mature trees showed that apple scab symptoms in treated trees were as severe as in untreated ones in the year of treatment but were reduced slightly the year after treatment in ‘Hopa’ and the third year after treatment in ‘Snow Drift.’ Growth reduction occurred in all treated trees, suggesting that the PBZ levels needed for growth reduction were not sufficient to control apple scab in the year of treatment. In contrast, a one-time foliar application of PBZ reduced apple scab incidence to levels found in ‘Indian Magic’ saplings treated every 2 weeks with propiconazole, a fungicide and application method commonly recommended for apple scab control. Delayed uptake and insufficient transport of PBZ to the foliage of mature trees after root drench treatments may account for the lack of apple scab control in the years after treatment, even though growth suppression occurred.
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