Restraint system and vehicle design rely heavily on the use of Anthropomorphic Test Devices and mathematical models of ATD’s to provide information about human occupant response in impact conditions. Recent advances in ATD’s take years to get through the prototyping and evaluation stages before they can be widely used. The recent advances in ATD development will not benefit the testing of many vehicles for quite some time.
The development of mathematical models of new ATD’s that are not yet available for widespread use, as well as mathematical models of humans can provide more information about human occupant responses to engineers. This study develops a method to utilize these mathematical models in combination with a highly detailed vehicle model to gain more understanding of how human occupants will behave in a frontal impact.
Occupant injury in automobile rear-end collisions is becoming one of the most costly and aggravating traffic safety problems. Designing seat and head restraints to help limit injury associated with rear-end impact can become more efficient by using new mathematical modeling techniques. Using the facet surface modeling technique in MADYMO a model is developed that captures the interaction between occupants and seat/head restraints with a high degree of geometric accuracy while maintaining efficient computer run times. One such model is validated using a prototype seat/head restraint and the TRID (TNO Rear Impact Dummy), both using facet surface techniques. From this model a study is done to compare the results of the TRID model and the results from a Hybrid III model with the results from a Human neck model. This study is performed in several different head restraint positions.
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