Despite their heterogeneity, small island developing states (SIDS) are recognized as being particularly at risk to climate change, and, as they share numerous common traits, the United Nations recognizes them as a special group. SIDS have been quite vocal in calling attention to the challenges they face from climate change and advocating for greater international ambition to limit global warming. Here, we unpack factors that are helpful in understanding the relationship between climate change and SIDS through a review of studies that span disciplines and methodologies. We assess patterns of hazards, exposure, and vulnerability; impacts and risks; awareness and knowledge; adaptation planning and implementation; mitigation; loss and damage; and climate justice to provide an overarching review of literature on climate change and SIDS. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Volume 45 is October 19, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
British Columbia. The mountain is second only to Mount St Helens in seismic activity, and it is the highest volcano in the Cascade Range. It also has the largest mass at high altitude, above 3,000 m for example, and consequently has a perennial snow and glacier mantle that is approximately equal in volume to that at all other Cascade Range volcanoes combined (Driedger and Kennard, 1986). The volcano is the dominant feature of Mount Rainier National Park, located about 70 km southeast of Seattle, Wash. It is drained by five major river systems (fig.
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