Funding and support: By JACEP Open policy, all authors are required to disclose any and all commercial, financial, and other relationships in any way related to the subject of this article as per ICMJE conflict of interest guidelines (see www.icmje.org). The authors have stated that no such relationships exist.
American high school graduates’ readiness for higher education or employment in the global economy may depend on the state where they live. Since the 10th Amendment to the United States Constitution makes education a state function, the 50 states and the District of Columbia vary significantly in their policies and practices for (a) preschool access and enrollment, (b) compulsory attendance, (c) instructional standards, (d) school funding, and (e) student outcomes. The variance in state requirements and student outcomes is a high-stakes equity issue. If every child is to be well educated and prepared to live productively in the 21st century, principals, professional associations, and allies can assess their own states’ policies and outcomes on these five criteria and determine where their advocacy may be needed to strengthen them.
Throughout the history of the NHS out of hours emergency cover has been provided primarily by doctors in training working on call rotas. Recently, this practice has given increasing grounds for concern, partly because of the implications for training grade manpower, but also because of the problems associated with having to work for long periods of duty.In 1948
The Canadian Institute of Public Health Inspectors (CIPHI) has acknowledged the importance of having a competent membership. As a result, it developed the Continuing Professional Competencies Program in 2010 to assist its members in maintaining their skills, knowledge, and expertise, and to formally recognize these activities. Participation in this program is mandatory for CIPHI members; however, membership is not compulsory in order to practice as a public health inspector (PHI). As a result, PHIs in Ontario do not have to participate in an organized system to maintain and document their continuing professional competency. To this end, the CIPHI Ontario Branch is seeking to have Ontario Regulation 566 Qualifications of the Board of Health Staff, under the Health Protection and Promotion Act R.R.O. 1990, revised to include the requirement for continuing professional development for PHIs.
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