Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are a promising technology that can satisfy the present requirements for battery systems because of their excellent characteristics (e.g., low cost, recurrent availability of zinc metal resources, high chemical/physical stability, and safety). However, the growth of zinc dendrites in alkaline electrolytes makes ZIBs unsuitable for many applications. To address this problem, we developed a novel ZIB using a solid-state electrolyte based on polyacrylamide hybridized with layered double hydroxide (PAM-LDH). The hydrogel electrolyte exhibited an excellent ionic conductivity. The result also indicates that a PAM-LDH electrolyte combined with NH4F-treated MnO2 shows an ultra-high capacity of 354.3 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.1 A g−1 and an energy density of 484.3 Wh kg−1 at a peak power density of 136 W kg−1 (based on the weight of the cathode). Moreover, the cycle retention of the cell was significantly improved to 88.8% after 1000 cycles compared with that of the untreated MnO2/PAM-LDH/Zn cell (79.5%). These results demonstrate that
F
−
-doped cathode and hydrogel electrolyte can form the foundation for practically usable solid-state ZIBs.
Zinc-based batteries have attracted attention for their safety in aqueous electrolytes with low cost, environmental friendliness, and high capacity. In this study, layered double hydroxide, a solid-state OH− ion conductor, was hybridized with sodium polyacrylate hydrogel to construct a strong elastic hydrogel electrolyte (PANa-LDH) with high OH− ion conductivity. PANa-LDH, KOH was introduced by dipping into 6.0 M KOH solution, showed a significantly high ionic conductivity of 0.213 S cm−1 at 30 °C. A solid-state battery was fabricated using nickel-cobalt hydroxide cathode, PANa-LDH electrolyte, and zinc anode. The high specific capacity of 287 mAh g−1 was obtained at 0.1 A g−1 with high energy and power densities of 212 Wh kg−1 and 73 kW kg−1 (based on the cathode weight), respectively.
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