Therapeutic, III.

dvanced three-dimensional computer technologies have transformed many health care industries. Perhaps none has changed more than craniofacial surgery, a field defined by the precise positioning of complex, rigid geometric shapes in three-dimensional space.Virtual surgical planning, or computer-aided surgical simulation, refers to surgical simulation on a computer software platform. [See Figure, Supplemental Digital Content 1, which displays advanced three-dimensional technology categories, http://links.lww.com/PRS/E508. See Video 1 (online), which describes the fundamental principles underlying three-dimensional computer technologies and their application in craniofacial surgery.]