famoz (an acronym for father/mother) is a software useful in reconstructing parentage for dominant, codominant and uniparentally inherited markers. It is written in C and TclTk languages and is available for Unix, Linux and Windows systems at http://www.pierroton.inra.fr/genetics/labo/Software/Famoz/index.html. Parameters and assumptions used in the calculations are few and simple. Exclusion and identity probabilities, log‐likelihoods of any genetic relationship, potential father and parent or parent pair, half‐ and full‐sibship are calculated based on real or simulated data. Error rates for genotypic mistyping can be introduced. Simulations can be done to build statistical tests for parentage assignment.
Nearly 7000 Arabidopsis thaliana-expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from 10 cDNA libraries have been sequenced, of which almost 5000 non-redundant tags have been submitted to the EMBL data bank. The quality of the cDNA libraries used is analysed. Similarity searches in international protein data banks have allowed the detection of significant similarities to a wide range of proteins from many organisms. Alignment with ESTs from the rice systematic sequencing project has allowed the detection of amino acid motifs which are conserved between the two organisms, thus identifying tags to genes encoding highly conserved proteins. These genes are candidates for a common framework in genome mapping projects in different plants.
The comparative mapping approach is available in the last version of de Givry,S. et al. [(2004) Bioinformatics, 21, 1703-1704, www.inra.fr/mia/T/CarthaGene], a free (the LKH part is free for academic use only) mapping software in C++, including LKH (Helsgaun,K. (2000) Eur. J. Oper. Res., 126, 106-130, www.dat.ruc.dk/keld/research/LKH) for maximum likelihood computation.
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