Using covariance analysis methods, we study the fragmentation dynamics of multiply ionized 1- and 2-iodopropane. Signatures of isomer-specific nuclear motion occurring during sequential fragmentation pathways are identified.

Evidence and understanding of sulfur-centered hydrogen bonding, especially where the donor is a thiol, lags far behind that for conventional OH interactions. To help address this deficiency, conformer specific IR spectra of 2-phenylethanethiol (PET) and associated 1:1 solvent complexes have been measured in SH, OH, and CH stretch regions using resonant-two-photon-ionization (R2PI) and IR-UV ion dip spectroscopic techniques. The aromatic and aliphatic CH stretch regions show signature differences between anti and gauche conformers. Supported by ab initio calculations, a PET-water cluster with an OH···S arrangement and a PET-diethyl ether cluster expressing an SH···O interaction were identified. The SH stretch band of the SH···O complex is red-shifted and undergoes significant intensity enhancement compared to the bare molecule, which is characteristic of hydrogen bonding. These findings offer insight into the nature of the thiol functional group as a potential hydrogen bond donor and acceptor.

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This paper presents the fi rst comprehensive and quantitative study of substances that interfere with the forensic luminol test for blood. Two hundred and fifty substances have been selected on the basis of modern lifestyles and of contiguity with crime scenes. The intensity of the chemiluminescence produced by each substance has been measured relative to that of haemoglobin and the peak wavelength shift has also been determined. The following is a short list of nine substances that produce chemiluminescence intensities comparable with that of haemoglobin: turnips, parsnips, horseradishes, commercial bleach (NaClO), copper metal, some furniture polishes, some enamel paints, and some interior fabrics in motor vehicles. Care needs to be taken when the luminol test for blood is used in the presence of these substances.

Forty-seven children with 32 open tibial fractures, 11 open femoral fractures, and six closed tibial fractures with compartment syndrome, which were surgically opened, were assessed for the time to union and incidence of nonunion and infection. Treatment varied with fracture severity and patient age. Tibial external fixators were supplemented by short-leg casts, and fixators were removed at an average of 7 weeks. No child required further surgery to achieve union. There was one (2%) delayed union and no nonunions. Three fractures (6%) developed infections. No pin-tract infections occurred in tibial fractures treated with external fixation with casting. The relation between age and time to union was statistically significant. In open fractures without segmental bone loss or soft-tissue loss requiring major reconstruction, bony healing can be expected within 6 months.