The diagnostic agreement between FEES (both observers) and VFSS was low. Regarding the analyzed parameters, laryngeal penetration and aspiration yielded the highest interobserver agreement in terms of FEES, and also showed the highest specificity and positive predictive value when compared to VFSS.

There are some reports of localized amyloidosis in the larynx, an entity that corresponds to one percent of all benign tumors of this region. However, there are only two cases of amyloidosis in the Waldeyer's ring 6, 13, 14. We hereby describe a rare case of amyloidosis in areas not associated with the upper aero-digestive tract: tonsil pillar, rhinopharynx, supraglottis and glottis, without visible continuity of amyloid tissue. We will also discuss post-operative follow up with severe dysphagia.

dysphagi a is a symptom associated with an array of anatomical and functional changes which must be assessed by a multidisciplinary team to guarantee optimal evaluation and treatment, preventing potential complications. Aim:The aim of the present study is to present the combined protocol of clinical and swallowing videoendoscopy carried by enT doctors and speech therapists in the dysphagia Group of the enT department -university Hospital.Materials and Methods: retrospective study concerning the use of a protocol made up of patient interview and clinical examination, followed by an objective evaluation with swallowing videoendoscopy. The exam was performed in 1,332 patients from May 2001 to december 2008. There were 726 (54.50%) males and 606 (45.50%) females, between 22 days and 99 years old. Results:We found: 427 (32.08%) cases of normal swallowing, 273 (20.48%) mild dysphagia, 224 (16.81%) moderate dysphagia, 373 (27.99%) severe dysphagia and 35 (2.64%) inconclusive exams. Conclusion:The combined protocol (Otolaryngology and Speech Therapy), is a good way to approach the dysphagic patient, helping to achieve early and safe deglutition diagnosis as far as disorder severity and treatment are concerned. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;77(2):201-13. ORIgInAL ARTIcLE BJORL

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We describe a case of bilateral olivary hypertrophy and palatal tremor after unilateral cerebellar infarction. Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is associated with hypersignal in the inferior olivary nucleus (ION), on T2-weighted images. HOD has been more often observed ipsilaterally to a central tegmentum tract lesion or contralaterally to a dentate nucleus or a superior cerebellar peduncle lesion. Double innervation of each ION from either dentate nucleus may have underlied the imaging and clinical findings in this 63 year-old male patient.