Aims: To evaluate the variability of 24-hour urinary iodine (UI) excretion intra- and interindividually on three days of a week in healthy subjects, living in southern Brazil, and the correlation among the urinary excretion of iodine and sodium. Methods: Cross-sectional study, including 47 volunteers: 18 individuals with one, 15 individuals with two and 14 individuals with three 24-hour urine samples. Iodine, creatinine and Na+ excretion in urine during 24-hour were measured. Results: Mean height, weight, BMI and 24-hour urinary excretion of creatinine were higher in men. UI and urinary sodium were correlated (n = 89, r = 0.524, p = 0.000). UI excretion varied widely, both inter- and intraindividually, on the 3 days of the week, but the mean excretion of UI was similar. In single individuals, the ratio between the maximum and minimum 24-hour UI excretion (m/m) ranged from 1.03 to 2.87, and the median coefficient of variation (CV) was 21% (P25 = 7.0% and P75 = 36.8%), with a range of 1%-51%. 24-hour UI excretion varied greatly among individuals on Sunday (CV = 47.5% and m/m = 7.75), Monday (CV = 38.7% and m/m = 4.60) and Thursday (CV = 40.4% and m/m = 4.50). UI was adequate in the group of 14 people, however, the UI excretion of two women suggested iodine intake persistently below that recommended by WHO. Conclusion: The variability of 24-hour UI excretion on different days in the same individual is lower than that observed among individuals.
Introduction: The development of novel non-invasive biomarkers of kidney graft dysfunction, especially in the course of the delayed graft function period would be an important step forward in the clinical practice of kidney transplantation. Methods: We evaluated by RT-PCR the expression of miRNA-146 to -5p ribonucleic micro-acids (miRNAs) in the peripheral blood and renal tissue obtained from kidney transplant recipients who underwent a surveillance graft biopsy during the period of delayed graft function. Results: In biopsy samples, the expression of miR-146a-5p was significantly increased in the group of patients with delayed graft function (DGF) (n = 33) versus stables patients (STA) (n = 13) and patients with acute rejection (AR) (n = 9) (p = 0.008). In peripheral blood samples, a non-significant increase of miR-146a-5p expression was found in the DGF group versus STA and AR groups (p = 0.083). No significant correlation was found between levels of expression in biopsy and plasma. ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.62-0.88) for the renal tissue expression and 0.67 (95% CI 0.52-0.81) for the peripheral blood expression. Conclusion: We conclude that miR-146a-5p expression has a distinct pattern in the renal tissue and perhaps in the peripheral blood in the setting of DGF. Further refinements and strategies for studies should be developed in the field of non-invasive molecular diagnosis of kidney graft dysfunction.
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