In view of the above, the objective was to evaluate the impact of different combinations of quality and light intensity with the use of colored meshes in the absence and presence of organic fertilization in the growth and content of photosynthetic pigments of plants of ora-pronóbis. The study was carried out in a greenhouse located at the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, in the municipality of Cruz das Almas-BA. The design was completely randomized in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, arranged in subdivided plots. The combined action of the red mesh and addition of humus to the soil increased the chlorophyll and total content of the ora-pro-nóbis plants, whereas for the carotenoid content the best results were obtained in the plants grown in full sun with the presence of earthworm humus in soil.The environment in full sun provided the highest root length and the addition of humus to the soil provided an increase in the number of leaves and shoots, in the leaf area, leaf area ratio, leaf mass ratio and leaf dry matter mass, an important result, because the leaves represent the commercial product of ora-pro-nóbis. The cultivation in full sun and fertilization with earthworm humus is the most suitable for the initial growth of the ora-pro-nobis plants.
Objetivou-se avaliar as características agronômicas, índices fisiológicos e diagnose nutricional de plantas de Salvia officinalis L. cultivadas em diferentes condições de luminosidade e substratos orgânicos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, sendo três tipos de substratos orgânicos: húmus de minhoca, esterco bovino curtido, vivatto plus® e a testemunha (solo sem adubação) e quatro condições de luminosidade obtidas com o uso de malhas: 1) malha ChromatiNet Vermelha; 2) malha Aluminet; 3) Malha Preta e 4) Tratamento controlea pleno sol. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância com auxílio do programa estatístico computacional "R". Observou-se efeito significativo da interação entre os ambientes de luz e os substratos orgânicos para as variáveis área foliar específica, razão de área foliar e a relação clorofila A e B. Para as demais variáveis houve efeito isolado dos substratos orgânicos e também dos ambientes de luz. O crescimento das plantas de sálvia é influenciado por diferentes ambientes de luz e substratos orgânicos. O uso do solo+esterco bovino curtido e solo+vivatto plus® proporciona maior crescimento das plantas de sálvia, enquanto que os substratos solo+húmus de minhoca e solo+esterco bovino curtido promovem maiores teores de P e K nas folhas e raízes das plantas de sálvia.
Intensive fertilization of vegetables can promote phosphorus (P) toxicity. However, it can be reversed using silicon (Si), although there is a lack of research clarifying its mechanisms of action. This research aims to study the damage caused by P toxicity to scarlet eggplant plants and whether Si can mitigate this toxicity. We evaluated the nutritional and physiological aspects of plants. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design of two nutritional levels of adequate P (2 mmol L−1 of P) and toxic/excess P (8 to 13 mmol L−1 of P) combined with the absence or presence of nanosilica (2 mmol L−1 Si) in a nutrient solution. There were six replications. The excess P in the nutrient solution caused damage to scarlet eggplant growth due to nutritional losses and oxidative stress. We found that P toxicity can be mitigated by supplying Si, which decreases P uptake by 13%, improves C:N homeostasis, and increases iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) use efficiency by 21%, 10%, and 12%, respectively. At the same time, it decreases oxidative stress and electrolyte leakage by 18% and increases antioxidant compounds (phenols and ascorbic acid by 13% and 50%, respectively), and decreases photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth by 12% (by increasing 23% and 25% of shoot and root dry mass, respectively). These findings allow us to explain the different Si mechanisms used to reverse the damage caused by P toxicity to plants.
This research aimed to study the effects of the nanosilica supply on Si absorption and the physiological and nutritional aspects of beet plants with N and P deficiencies cultivated in a nutrient solution. Two experiments were performed with treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme in randomized blocks with five replications. The first experiment was carried out on plants under a N deficiency and complete (complete solution with all nutrients), combined with the absence of Si (0 mmol L−1) and the presence of Si (2.0 mmol L−1). In the other experiment, the plants were cultivated in a nutrient solution with a P deficiency and complete, combined with the absence (0 mmol L−1) and the presence of Si (2.0 mmol L−1). The beet crop was sensitive to the N and P deficiencies because they sustained important physiological damage. However, using nanosilica via fertigation could reverse the damage. Using nanotechnology from nanosilica constituted a sustainable strategy to mitigate the damage due to a deficiency in the beet crop of the two most limiting nutrients by optimizing the physiological processes, nutritional efficiency, and growth of the plants without environmental risks. The future perspective is the feasibility of nanotechnology for food security.
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