Differences were significant whenever the p-value was equal or below 0.05. Tests used were Shapiro-Wilk test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann Whitney-U test, paired t-test, mixed ANOVA. Cohen's d was used to compute the effect size for t-tests, with the small -d = 0.2; medium -d = 0.5; and large -d = 0.8 effect sizes. For mixed ANOVA, partial eta squared was used to compute the effect sizes with the small -ηp² = 0.0099; medium -ηp² = 0.0588; and large -ηp² = 0.1379 effect sizes. Effect size (r) criteria are small = 0.10, medium = 0.30, large = 0.50 effect sizes.
Despite the temporal relation, we couldn't find a definitive causal relation between malaria and this case. The diagnosis is not easy in the absence of encephalopathy EEG signs. Nevertheless, it should be considered in this case, even knowing that there are other possible diagnosis. There is still a need for more studies on the psychiatric complications following malaria, especially concerning the long-term sequelae and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved.
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