Recent challenges from a variety of fields suggest a re-examination of the nativist position and its implications for child language and communication research and theory. Basic assumptions crucial to the innatist position influence researchers to ignore the source of input, its characteristics, and its impact on language development. In contrast, from a socio-perceptual/ecological position, the linchpin of the emergence of language is the dynamic structure of the social-interactive environment in which the child develops. Evidence from a series of studies investigating the social and perceptual bases of the emergence of the lexicon is marshaled to support and illustrate this perspective. Parallel arguments can and ought to be constructed to explain other aspects of language learning.
The relationship between interaction with the caregiver and the emergence of play activities during the one‐word period was examined in this research. In particular, Vygotsky's views regarding the importance of social interaction as the source of the child's knowledge of the world were discussed. In order to examine the role of the caregiver, observations were made of six children, two at each of three levels of semantic development within the one‐word period. At each level of semantic development the children's performance during interactive play sequences was significantly more advanced than their performance during non‐interactive sequences. These results lend support to Vygotsky's contention that children gain knowledge of the world through social interaction.
This paper examines various rendering techniques and emphasizes the unique contribution that computer technology offers to transcription. First, the basic manual transcription procedure and its grounds are discussed. Next, three methods of generating transcripts are considered separately: (a) completely manual preparation; (b) a combination of manual and computer procedures; and (c) the on-line processing/monitoring by computer. Finally, the relative advantages and limitations of these techniques are discussed in terms of a trade-off between several factors which include initial investment in equipment, person hours, cost of copying and modifying transcripts, and reduction of errors in transcribing data.
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