The contamination of the environment by toxic metals poses a threat for "Man and biosphere", reducing agricultural productivity and damaging the health of the ecosystem. In developed nations, this problem is being addressed and solved to some extent by using "green technology" involving metal tolerant plants, to clean up the polluted soils. The use of naturally occurring metal tolerant plants and the application of genetic manipulation, should hasten the process of transferring this technology from laboratory to field. Therefore, it is essential to investigate and understand how plants are able to tolerate toxic metals and to identify which metabolic pathways and genes are involved in such a process. Recent advances in knowledge derived from the "omics", have considerable potential in developing this green technology. However, strategies to produce genetically altered plants to remove, destroy or sequester toxic metals from the environment and the long-term implications, must be investigated carefully.
The response of Crotalaria juncea seedlings to nickel (Ni) was investigated. Ni was shown to accumulate mainly in the root system, with little being translocated to the shoots. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) responses to Ni were also analyzed. CAT activity did not exhibit a clear trend in response to Ni exposure, whereas GR activity appeared to respond to the stress induced by Ni. The results suggest that in C. juncea GR participates in the detoxification of Ni-induced reactive oxygen species via the glutathione-ascorbate cycle.
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do composto de lodo têxtil sobre plântulas de soja e trigo. O composto de lodo têxtil foi misturado com água e solução nutritiva nas seguintes concentrações (g do composto em 1.000 mL de água e solução nutritiva): 19 g L -1 , 38 g L -1 , 76 g L -1 e 152 g L -1 . Um controle, constituído de água e solução nutritiva, foi incluído no experimento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. As plântulas de soja e trigo foram expostas aos extratos do composto, em sistema de hidroponia com aeração e, após 15 dias, foram avaliadas a massa da matéria seca total, altura da parte aérea, comprimento radicular, conteúdo de clorofila e atividade da peroxidase nas folhas e raízes. Houve diminuição na massa da matéria seca total, altura da parte aérea e comprimento radicular das plântulas de soja e trigo com o aumento da concentração do composto, a partir de 38 g L -1 . A atividade da peroxidase, das raízes e das folhas das plântulas de soja e trigo, aumentou a partir da concentração de 38 g L -1 . Concentrações maiores do composto de lodo têxtil afetam, de forma prejudicial, as plântulas de soja e trigo.Termos para indexação: fitotoxicidade, resíduo industrial, peroxidase, clorofila. Textile sludge compost on soybean and wheat seedlingsAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of textile sludge compost on soybean and wheat seedlings. The textile sludge compost was mixed with water plus nutritive solution, in the following concentrations (g of compost in 1,000 mL of water plus nutritive solution): 19 g L -1 , 38 g L -1 , 76 g L -1 and 152 g L -1 . A control, constituted of water plus nutritive solution, was included in the experiment. A completely randomized design was used with four replicates. The seedlings were exposed to the concentrations of compost extract, in hydroponic system, and after 15 days, the total dry mass, height of aerial part, root length, chlorophyll content and peroxidase activity of leaves and roots were evaluated. Seedlings of both crops showed a decrease in the total dry mass, height of aerial part and root length with application of compost in concentrations equal to or above 38 g L -1 . Peroxidase activity in roots and leaves increased with the concentration of compost equal to or above 38 g L -1 . Concentrations above 19 g L -1 of this textile sludge compost are harmfull to soybean and wheat seedlings.
Ao meu Pai Elisiario, pelo amor, por sua dedicação a minha formação, pela constante alegria e sorrisos compartilhados. Ao meu melhor amigo, Minha Homenagem. v ...Não foi assim com as histórias que realmente importaram, ou aquelas que ficam na memória. As pessoas parecem ter sido simplesmente embarcadas nelas, geralmente seus caminhos apontavam naquela direção, como se diz. Mas acho que eles tiveram um monte de oportunidades, de dar as costas, apenas não o fizeram. E, se tivessem feito, não saberíamos, porque eles seriam esquecidos. Ouvimos sobre aqueles que simplesmente continuaram. (J.R.R.Tolkien) A minha mãe Rosalva, pelo amor, por sua dedicação a minha formação e por compreender a minha ausência para realização deste trabalho. A minha avó Anna, pelo apoio e amor. Dedico. vi AGRADECI MENTOSA Deus por iluminar o meu caminho e minha vida.
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