Programas de treinamento físico são utilizados como intervenções e prevenções para os efeitos degenerativos do envelhecimento. Dentre esses o treinamento concorrente (TC), que é a combinação de métodos de treinamento em uma mesma sessão, pode ser considerado proposta interessante para sujeitos de meia idade e idosos, que tem o intuito de melhorar esses efeitos. O TC pode se caracterizar pela combinação de treinamento aeróbico (TA) e força (TF). O presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar na literatura a importância e os benefícios do TC em relação aos métodos isolados, em tais indivíduos, investigando seus efeitos sobre doenças crônicas, ação fisiológica, fatores de risco cardiovasculares e protocolos de treinamento a serem utilizados. Esta revisão teve como fonte primária de pesquisa artigos e dissertações utilizando bases de dados como Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs, entre outros, com publicações de 1997 a 2018. A pesquisa pôde constatar que o TC gera muita discussão no meio acadêmico, porém o que faz a diferença é o protocolo utilizado. A literatura demonstra que o TC não traz prejuízo para o público de meia idade frente a outros métodos, destacam-se os bons resultados no que diz respeito ao aumento da força dinâmica, VO2 pico e aumento do gasto energético quantificado pelo EPOC. Utilizando-se para perda de gordura e redução dos fatores de risco cardiovascular, além de ação hipotensiva relacionada a pessoas hipertensas, e também atua na melhora do diabetes tipo 2. Conclui-se que o TC é um método eficaz para essa faixa populacional sendo equivalente ao treinamento de força e aeróbico isolados e muitas vezes até uma melhor opção.Palavras-chave: treinamento de resistência, treinamento aeróbico, saúde do idoso.
Introduction:The rise in sales of ultra-processed foods has been gradually changing the pattern of food, the incidence of non-communicable diseases, and the food environment around the world. The consumer's food environment reflects the availability of these foods through the retail trade. The type of establishment and its location in the territory may be related to the quality of the food sold. Social, economic, and demographic factors also influence the availability of food. The high availability of ultra-processed foods favors their consumption and consequently affects the population's health. Objective: To evaluate the availability of ultra-processed foods and associated factors in the consumer's food environment in a medium-sized municipality in the state of SP. Methodology: Observational cross-sectional study conducted with audit data from retail stores in the municipality of Jundiaí-SP collected in 2017-2018. 649 retail stores were analyzed, grouped into 11 establishment categories. The AUDITNOVA instrument was used for the audit. Data on the availability of 18 types of ultra-processed foods were obtained. A summation of the 18 ultra-processed foods was performed to create a score of availability of ultra-processed foods, with a range from 0 to 100 points. Ultra-processed foods were grouped into five categories, with a subscore. To characterize the score and subscore of availability of ultra-processed foods according the type of establishment and sociodemographic indicators of the census sectors (average monthly income of the heads, number of residents in the household, and participation of the black, brown, yellow, and indigenous population in the total of inhabitants) descriptive statistics were used, with measures of central tendency and dispersion. Differences in the mean scores according to sociodemographic variables were assessed using the Student's t-test.Georeferenced maps were constructed to characterize the distribution of the availability of ultra-processed foods in the territory, according to sociodemographic variables. Result: A total of 649 retail stores were analyzed, most of which were classified as neighborhood markets (25.4%). The supermarket was the trade category with the highest score for the availability of ultra-processed foods (total score: 93), followed by neighborhood markets (total score: 75). Among the types of ultra-processed foods analyzed, candies, soft drinks, and snacks were available in 60% of the audited establishments. The subcategory of sugary drinks were the most frequent in 9 of the 11 commercial categories. Higher scores were observed in regions with lower income, the higher percentage of the black, brown, yellow, and indigenous population, and a higher number of residents per household (p <0.001). Conclusion:It was possible to show through an audit process that neighborhood markets are the most prevalent commercial establishments in the municipality and are in second place in the greatest availability of ultra-processed foods. The most peripheral and most socially v...
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