and the efforts of numerous nongovernmental agencies, working groups, and individual landowners. Future management of the sagebrush biome may be more effective with a move toward maintenance of ecosystem resilience and resistance and conservation of the entire suite of sagebrush-dependent and -associated species. Table A1. Species and subspecies of Artemisia, subgenus Tridentatae, section Tridentatae, which comprise the sagebrush biome (follows Shultz, 2009).Common name Genus/species/subspecies Low or little sagebrush Artemisia arbuscula ssp. arbuscula Alkali sagebrush Artemisia arbuscula ssp. longiloba Hot springs sagebrush Artemisia arbuscula ssp. thermopola Bigelow sagebrush Artemisia bigelovii Black sagebrush Artemisia nova Pygmy sage Artemisia pygmaea Stiff sagebrush Artemisia rigida California silver sagebrush Artemisia cana ssp. bolanderi Plains silver sagebrush Artemisia cana ssp. cana Mountain silver sagebrush Artemisia cana ssp. viscidula Timberline sagebrush Artemisia rothrockii Snowfield sagebrush Artemisia spiciformis Basin big sagebrush Artemisia tridentata ssp. tridentata Mountain big sagebrush Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana Wyoming big sagebrush Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis Parish or Mohave sagebrush Artemisia tridentata ssp. parishii Wyoming three-tip sagebrush Artemisia tripartita ssp. rupicola Three-tip sagebrush Artemisia tripartita ssp. tripartita Table B1. Examples of services provided by the sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystem. Ecosystem service categories ExamplesRegulating Water purification, water infiltration and flood attenuation, carbon sequestration, wildfire resistance Provisioning Products from livestock (for example, beef, lamb, leather, wool); water for municipal, industrial, and irrigation use; mineral extraction; food from hunting wildlife CulturalRecreational opportunities such as cycling, hiking, hunting, and wildlife viewing (for example, sage-grouse [Centrocercus spp.] leks); sense of place; spiritual benefits Supporting Production of grasses, nutrient cycling spp.)-juniper (Juniperus spp.) forests, but its habitat often overlaps sagebrush communities. This species is of concern to managers of sagebrush landscapes because populations are declining, and management efforts to remove conifer can have negative consequences for pinyon jays. listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). Both the Bi-State distinct population segment of greater sage-grouse and greater sagegrouse rangewide were recently found not warranted for listing under the Endangered Species Act. Threats to sage-grouse are numerous and significant, including but not limited to invasive species, altered fire regimes, energy development, free-roaming equids, and a warming climate.

No abstract

For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov.