BackgroundIn Burkina Faso, very little is known about the quality of life of persons living with HIV through their routine follow- up. This study aimed to assess the quality of life of persons living with HIV, and its change over a 1-year period.MethodsFour hundred and twenty four (424) persons living with HIV were monitored during twelve (12) months from September 2012 to September 2013 in Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso. Three interviews were conducted in order to assess the quality of life of patients and its change over time, using the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment brief scale in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection (WHOQOL HIV-BREF). The Friedman test was used to assess significant differences in quantitative variables at each of the three follow-up interviews. Groups at baseline, at 6 months and at 12 months were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test for quantitative data and McNemar test for qualitative variables. Pearson Chi2 was used when needed. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit to estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Trends in global quality of life score and subgroups (status related to Highly Active Anti Retroviral Treatment (HAART) using univariate repeated measures analysis of variance were assessed. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsAt baseline, quality of life scores were highest in the domain of spirituality, religion and personal beliefs (SRPB) and lowest in the environmental domain. This trend was maintained during the 12-month follow-up. The global score increased significantly from the beginning up to the twelfth month of follow-up. Over the 12 months, the baseline factors that were likely to predict an increase in the global quality of life score were: not having support from relatives for medical care (P = 0.04), being under HAART (P = 0.001), being self-perceived as healthy (P = 0.03), and having a global quality of life score under 77 (P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings suggest the need to promote interventions to empower people living with HIV/AIDS through income generating activities. Such activities will enhance the quality of life of persons living with HIV in Burkina Faso. This could focus mostly on treatment-naïve HIV patients, lacking support from relatives and those who perceive themselves as ill.
This study aims to examine psychometric properties of Moore version of World Health Organization's Quality of Life assessment short instrument in HIV patients (WHOQOL HIV-BREF). A study was conducted on 100 persons living with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's α. For the convergent validity of the Moore version WHOQOL-HIV BREF, the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) was used as a comparison instrument and cross-product correlations were calculated. The test-retest reliability was assessed using the interclass correlation coefficient. The study showed high internal consistency with Cronbach's α at 0.92 for the whole instrument. According to domains, Cronbach's α found ranged from 0.58 to 0.87, showing acceptable internal consistency for all domains. Domains scores for test-retest reliability, using interclass correlation gave coefficients ranged from 0.40 (spiritual domain) to 0.99 (level of independence domain) with p < 0.001 for all domains except for spirituality domain (p < 0.05). The study showed significant correlation between general facets and quality of life score (p < 0.001), as wheel as WHOQOL HIV-BREF and satisfaction with life scale (p < 0.01) except for spirituality domain. The instrument demonstrated good discriminative properties according to clinical stages of HIV infection with higher scores for asymptomatic HIV patients and lower scores at AIDS stage (p<0.001), except for spirituality domain (p > 0.05). As a demonstrated cross-cultural instrument, the WHOQOL HIV-BREF in its Moore version can be used for quality of life assessment in a routine way or longitudinal studies in Burkina Faso with persons living with HIV/AIDS.
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