26Streptomycetes constitute the largest genus of actinobacteria, living predominantly in soil and 27 decaying vegetation. The bacteria are widely known for their filamentous morphologies and 28 their capacity to synthesize antibiotics and other biologically active molecules. More than a 29 decade ago, we and others identified 22 genomic islands that Streptomyces coelicolor M145 30 possesses and other Streptomyces strains lack. One of these genomic islands, Genomic Island 31 (GI) 6, encodes an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor that we were characterizing in 32 separate work. Here we report that artificial induction of the ECF sigma factor, which is 33 encoded by SCO3450, causes the transcription of approximately one-fourth of GI 6, or ~26 34 mostly contiguous genes, to increase. More than half of the regulon encodes putative enzymes 35 involved in small molecule metabolism. A putative haloacid dehalogenase is present. Genes 36 encoding two putative anti-sigma factors flank SCO3450, the three genes residing within the 37
The objective of present research work was to develop self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system to improve the in vitro dissolution of a Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II lipid lowering agent, simvastatin. Solubility study was performed to identify the potent oil, surfactant and co-surfactant showing highest solubility of simvastatin. The ternary phase diagrams were constructed for selected components to identify the area of microemulsion formation. D-optimal mixture design was applied for optimization using three formulation variables namely, oleic acid, Tween 80 and Cremophore EL. The liquid self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) were evaluated for droplet size, self-emulsification time, percent transmittance and drug solubility. The optimized batch showed self-emulsification time and solubility. The optimized liquid formulation was solidified using Aerosil 200 to prepare solid SMEDDS. Solid SMEDDS showed good flow property and uniform drug content. Solid state characterization was performed by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction study and scanning electron microscopy. The zeta potential and globule size was-3.66mV and 755.3 nm, respectively. The rate and extent of drug dissolution from solid SMEDDS was significantly higher than tablet formulation. The optimized formulation was found to be stable. These results demonstrate the potential of SMEDDS as a means of improving solubility and dissolution.
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