Background: Obesity and physical activity are modifiable risk factors in the development of postmenopausal breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness and prevalence of these factors in women attending family history clinics.
The risk of tuberculosis (TB) is significantly increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Data on TB in CKD in the UK are sparse; most information stems from countries with high background prevalence. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of TB in CKD patients in South East London and to describe the epidemiology, treatment, and outcome. CKD patients with TB between 1994 and 2010 were identified retrospectively. Data were collected on type of renal replacement therapy, the method of TB diagnosis, disease site, treatment regimens, and risk factors. Forty patients were identified of whom 67.5% had CKD stages IV-V. Sixty-five percent were from non-UK born ethnic minorities. Median time from diagnosis of CKD to TB development was 12 months (range 0-192 months). Cumulative incidence of TB was 1267/100,000 [95% confidence interval (CI): 630-1904; 85 Â background UK rate] in hemodialysis patients; 398/100,000 (95% CI: 80-1160; 26 Â background UK rate) in peritoneal dialysis; and 522/100,000 (CI: 137-909; 35 Â background UK rate) in transplant recipients. Sixty-three percent of patients had pulmonary TB and 25% of patients with culture-positive TB had resistant isolates. Fifty percent of patients were immunosuppressed due to drugs, diabetes, and/or retroviral disease. Treatment regimens were according to recent national guidance in 73% of cases. Seventy-six percent of patients experienced side effects. Greater awareness of risk factors, drug resistance, treatment regimens, and potential side effects is needed.
ARTICLE HISTORY
Aim: As households’ health-seeking behavior depends enormously on socio-economic and demographic factors particularly in developing county like Bangladesh, it contributes differently to health-care seeking behavior varying household to household. This study intends to explore the nature of the health seeking behavior of urban residents in Sylhet city through assessing the socio-economic and socio-demographic factors. Subject and Methods: A 150 household survey has been completed in Sylhet city, using a multistage cluster sampling method. A household survey questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic and socio-economic factors and their impacts on health-seeking behavior. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis investigate the extent of association between different socio-economic and demographic factors and health-seeking behavior. Results: We found that among the 150 participants, the majority (88%) of household heads are male because gender is significantly associated with priority in choosing health care in the study. The result of binary logistic regression indicates the households who have a minimum level of education (primary or above) are 10.617 more likely to use public health care facilities. Income is statistically associated with the main source of health service. The interference of income in seeking treatment has a relationship with the employment sectors (public or private). Moreover, the reasons for choosing a specific source of health care have a significant relationship with the main source of health care (public or private). Conclusion: This study recommends that government should introduce health insurance policy for city dwellers for reducing the inequalities in health services among city dwellers.
Background: The study of health seeking behavior is a useful research for developing society like Bangladesh. Many factors such as socio-demographic, socio-cultural, socio-economic and health service system influence health seeking behavior. This study assessed the health seeking behavior among the households’ areas in Sylhet city.Methods: This study has used multistage cluster sampling method for data collection. Using multistage cluster sampling, 150 were selected. A household survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Information about socio-demographic characteristics, socio-economic factors, socio-cultural factors by residential areas, and their influences on seeking health care have been gathered. Chi-square and uni-variate analysis has been applied in this study.Results: The association between socio-economic status and the status of residential area has a significant relationship. The p value (0.005) indicates most of the socio-demographic factors except sanitary system associated with the status of residential households. The association among income range, total expenditure, medical expense, income interfere by perceiving illness, health insurance, main source of health care, reason for choosing specific source of health care and the pattern of health seeking behavior of the residential areas are statistically significant. Uni-variate analysis is an interaction between residence and reason for choosing specific health care on main source of health care among the households of the residential areas under this study (p=0.001).Conclusions: Understanding of health seeking behaviour is essential to provide need-based health care services to the population. Many factors like gender, age, type of illness influences the health seeking behaviour.
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